{"id":113910,"date":"2023-03-14T16:23:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-14T12:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/1905.az\/?p=113910"},"modified":"2023-03-15T12:44:00","modified_gmt":"2023-03-15T08:44:00","slug":"azerbaycan-halk-cumhuriyeti-1918-20-doneminde-karabag-ve-zengezurla-ilgili-mucadele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/azerbaycan-halk-cumhuriyeti-1918-20-doneminde-karabag-ve-zengezurla-ilgili-mucadele\/","title":{"rendered":"Azerbaycan Halk Cumhuriyeti (1918-20) d\u00f6neminde Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019la ilgili m\u00fccadele"},"content":{"rendered":"

1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcney Kafkasya\u2019da s\u0131n\u0131r belirleme s\u00fcreci y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyu b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n sosyo-ekonomik ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7land\u0131. Bu do\u011frultuda yeni meydana gelmi\u015f yeni ulus devletler aras\u0131nda ciddi s\u0131n\u0131r sorunlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

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1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n Azerbaycan\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 toprak iddialar\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur b\u00f6lgeleri bu geli\u015fmelerin birer a\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Azerbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n 14 Haziran 1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda Tifl is\u2019te Ermeni Milli Konseyi temsilcileriyle yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ortak oturumda s\u0131n\u0131r konusunda s\u00f6zl\u00fc anla\u015fmaya vard\u0131lar1<\/sup>. Bu anla\u015fma gere\u011fi Batum\u2019da tarafl arca var\u0131lan mutabakata dayanarak Azerbaycan \u0130revan\u2019\u0131n Ermenistan ba\u015fkenti olarak ilan edilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bu iyi irade ifadesine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Ermenistan Yelizavetpol vilayeti ve Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgesine kar\u015f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc iddialardan vazge\u00e7ecektir.2<\/sup> Fakat Ermeni taraf\u0131 benzeri formatta g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini istemediler. 1918 y\u0131l\u0131 Haziran ay\u0131 sonlar\u0131nda D\u00f6rtl\u00fc \u0130ttifak devletleri temsilcilerinin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcney Kafkasya delegasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunduklar\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Ermeni delegasyonu ba\u015fkan\u0131 A.Agaronyan Ermenistan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 A. Ogancanyan\u2019a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi telgrafta bu konuyu dile getirmi\u015ftir. Agaronyan\u2019\u0131n telgraf\u0131nda Batum g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin anlam\u0131n\u0131 tamamen kaybetti\u011fi, nitekim bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde G\u00fcney Kafkasya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00fc\u00e7 cumhuriyeti de\u011fil, sadece okruglar\u0131n\u0131n (b\u00f6lgelerini) ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eimdi de Ermeni taraf\u0131 \u015eu\u015fa, Karyagin, Cavan\u015fir, Zengezur, Derelyez, S\u00fcrmeli, Nah\u00e7\u0131van, \u015eerur b\u00f6lgelerinin de Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunuyordu.3<\/sup> B\u00f6ylece, Ermenistan Yelizavetpol ve \u0130revan vilayetleri hesab\u0131na geni\u015fletmek istiyordu<\/strong>. Oysa bu vilayetlerde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfus Ermeni n\u00fcfustan \u00e7ok daha fazlayd\u0131<\/strong>. Buna g\u00f6re de Azerbaycan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 F.H.Hoyski \u0130stanbul Konferans\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Azerbaycan delegasyonuna 31 Temmuz 1918 tarihinde yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu telgrafta Ermeniler Karaba\u011f\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 iddia ileri s\u00fcrerse \u0130revan\u2019\u0131n ve Kazak kazas\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Ermenilere verilmesini \u00f6neriyordu4<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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1918 y\u0131l\u0131 yaz\u0131ndan itibaren Ermeniler Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019daki Ermeni ahaliden silahlar\u0131n toplanmas\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgede istikrar\u0131 sa\u011flamak y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki giri\u015fimlerine kar\u015f\u0131 koydular. 1918 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131nda Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019da Andranik\u2019in \u00f6nderli\u011findeki \u00e7etelerce M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halka kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenen ya\u011fma, \u015fiddet ve k\u0131y\u0131m olaylar\u0131 durumu daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015ftirdi. \u0130lgin\u00e7tir ki Ermenistan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Andranik\u2019in birlikleriyle her hangi bir ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu y\u00fczden Ermeni ordusundan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve serbest hareket etti\u011fini iddia ediyordu.5<\/sup> Bu olaylar sonucunda 1918 y\u0131l\u0131 sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru 150 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman k\u00f6y\u00fc ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015f ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7ok say\u0131da m\u00fclteci Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n ova b\u00f6lgesine ka\u00e7mak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r<\/strong>.6<\/sup><\/p>\n

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1918 y\u0131l\u0131 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk ordusunun G\u00fcney Kafkasya\u2019dan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131yla b\u00f6lgenin kontrol\u00fc kas\u0131m ay\u0131n\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00f6lgeye gelen \u0130ngiliz askerlerine ge\u00e7ti. Britanya\u2019n\u0131n Bak\u00fc\u2019deki ordu birli\u011finin komutan\u0131 General W.Thompson Azerbaycan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 F.Hoyski\u2019nin yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fcracaat\u0131na dayanarak 1918 y\u0131l\u0131 aral\u0131k ay\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Andranik\u2019in Karaba\u011f\u2019da Azerbaycan ahalisine kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mezalimi durdurmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Ermeni liderlere g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi telgrafta Gence, Gazah ve Cavan\u015fir kazalar\u0131nda Azerbaycanl\u0131 ahaliye kar\u015f\u0131 ya\u011fma ve \u015fiddet eylemlerine son verilmesini istedi: \u00abT\u00fcrm Ermenileri evlerine \u00e7ekilmeleri konusunda uyar\u0131n. Uymaman\u0131z halinde d\u00f6k\u00fclen kandan dolay\u0131 do\u011frudan sorumluluk ta\u015f\u0131yacaks\u0131n\u0131z<\/em>\u00bb7<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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\u015e\u00fcphesiz, Ermeniler olaylar\u0131n bu \u015fekilde geli\u015fece\u011fini tahmin etmemi\u015flerdi. 1919 y\u0131l\u0131 ocak ay\u0131nda Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin karar\u0131yla Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019da Genel Valilik tesis edildi. Genel Valilik makam\u0131n\u0131n tesisi edilmesi \u00f6nerisi \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Halil Hasmemmedov\u2019un 1919 y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131nda b\u00f6lgedeki duruma ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmete sundu\u011fu raporda \u00f6nerilmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00f6nerinin ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin esas nedenleri Ermenistan\u2019dan gelerek b\u00f6lge Ermenilerinin ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 faaliyetlere te\u015fvik edilmesi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ahaliye kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenledikleri kanl\u0131 \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131, elinde ciddi bir askeri g\u00fcc\u00fc olmayan yerel h\u00fck\u00fcmetin zay\u0131f olmas\u0131, ayr\u0131ca merkez h\u00fck\u00fcmetle b\u00f6lge aras\u0131nda tam bir ileti\u015fim sa\u011flanamamas\u0131 idi<\/strong>.8<\/sup> Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin 15 Ocak 1919 tarihli karar\u0131yla ihtisas\u00e7a hekim olan H\u00fcsrev Bey Sultanov genel vali g\u00f6revine atand\u0131. 9<\/sup><\/p>\n

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Karaba\u011f Genel Valili\u011fi tesisi edildi\u011fi ilk g\u00fcnden itibaren Ermeni h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve \u201cKaraba\u011f ve Zengezur Ermeni Milli Konseyi\u201d temsilcileri \u0130ngiliz komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7ok say\u0131da mektup ve telgraf g\u00f6ndererek Karab\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019da Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmetine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6zel bir y\u00f6netim biriminin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na itiraz ediyorlard\u0131. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Ermeni h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019u Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Bu vesileyle Goris\u2019e bir devlet komiseri de atam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ermeni Milli Konseyi Zengezur ve Karaba\u011f\u2019da Ermenilerin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 alanlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak ve Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u0130ngiliz subay\u0131n\u0131n genel vali olarak atanmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorlard\u0131.10<\/sup><\/p>\n

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\u0130ngiliz komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Karaba\u011f genel valisinin stat\u00fcs\u00fc konusunda ilk g\u00fcnden itibaren g\u00fcvensizlik sergilerken Ermeni tarafa asl\u0131nda bask\u0131 i\u00e7in olanak sunmu\u015ftur. Karaba\u011f Ermenileri temsilcileri ve Ermenistan h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler s\u0131ras\u0131nda General W.Tomhson, ayr\u0131ca \u015eu\u015fa\u2019da bulunan \u0130ngiliz temsilciler \u015f\u00f6yle bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r: Azerbaycan y\u00f6netiminin ve ordusunun Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019a gelmesi gelecekte bu topraklar\u0131n Azerbaycan\u2019a ait olaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez ve bu topraklar\u0131n kaderi bar\u0131\u015f konferans\u0131nda belirlenecektir<\/strong>.11<\/sup> \u0130ngilizlerin bu a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 Ermeni ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n aktifl e\u015fmesine neden olmu\u015ftur<\/strong>. \u0130\u015fte, Ermeni Milli Konseyi temsilcilerinin Mart 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermenistan hukumeti ve onun Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019daki Komserlerine gonderdikleri mektuplar\u0131nda Azerbaycan genel valili\u011finin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019un Ermeni temsilcilerinin Paris Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131ndaki Ermenistan heyetine kat\u0131lmas\u0131, b\u00f6lgede birle\u015fik komuta olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve deneyimli komutanlar, para ve silahla temin edilmesi g\u00f6revi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmekteydi.12<\/sup><\/p>\n

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Bundan sonra, 3 Nisan 1919\u2019da Karaba\u011f\u2019da Britanya askeri birli\u011fi komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Albay D. Shuttleworth\u2019un <\/strong>dilinden Genel Vali H.Sultanov\u2019un tek makam\u0131n\u0131 onaylad\u0131 ve halk\u0131 onun emirlerinin tamamen uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi konusunda uyard\u0131. Bu geli\u015fmeler \u0130ngilizlerin daha ilkesel duru\u015f sergilemeye ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesiydi.13<\/sup> 8 May\u0131s 1919\u2019da Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n G\u00fcrcistan\u2019daki diplomatik temsilcisinin raporunda \u015f\u00f6yle bir ifade yer almaktayd\u0131: General W. Tomhson D. Shuttleworth ve Yarbay Monk-Messon\u2019un Karaba\u011f ve Zengazurda\u2019ki duruma ili\u015fkin raporuna dayanarak b\u00f6lgede asayi\u015fin bozulmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Ermeni h\u00fck\u00fcmeti temsilcilerinin su\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu kanaatine varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zira onlar Ermeni ahalinin Azerbaycan iktidar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmemesine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131<\/strong>.14<\/sup> May\u0131s 1919 sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru \u0130ngilizler bu temsilcileri b\u00f6lgeden kovudular15<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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\u0130ngilizlerin bu tutumu Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin ve liderlerinin \u00fczerinde belli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkili oldu. Bu etki kendisini 15 A\u011fustos 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur Ermenilerinin 7. Kongesi kararlar\u0131nda da kendini g\u00f6sterdi. Kongrede 26 maddelik Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f Ermenilerinin Azerbaycan H\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle Ge\u00e7ici Antla\u015fma metni de onayland\u0131<\/strong>: \u201cKaraba\u011f\u2019\u0131n da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgesinde Ermenilerin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 \u015eu\u015fa, Cavan\u015fir ve Cebray\u0131l kazalar\u0131 (Dizak, Varanda, Ha\u00e7\u0131n, Carabert) bu sorunun Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesine dek ge\u00e7ici olarak kendilerini Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlar<\/em>.\u201d16<\/sup><\/p>\n

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1919 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u011fustos ay\u0131 sonlar\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz ordu birlikleri Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131 terk ettikten sonra ABD Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 subay\u0131 Albay W.Gaskel geldi. O, daha \u00f6nce 1919 y\u0131l\u0131 temmuz ay\u0131nda Paris konferans\u0131 be\u015f \u00fcyesi taraf\u0131ndan (ABD, \u0130ngiltere, Fransa, \u0130talya ve Japonya) m\u00fcttefi k \u00fclkelerin G\u00fcney Kafkasya\u2019daki Y\u00fcksek Komiseri g\u00f6revine atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 20 A\u011fustos\u2019ta Gaskel \u00f6nce \u0130revan\u2019a, 23 A\u011fustos\u2019ta Tifl is\u2019e, nihayet 28 A\u011fustos\u2019ta Bak\u00fc\u2019ye geldi.17<\/sup> Gaskel\u2019in b\u00f6lge ziyaretinin \u00f6ncelikli nedeni Paris\u2019te m\u00fcttefi kler ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f milli devletlerin temsilcileri aras\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 prosed\u00fcr\u00fcne ili\u015fkin aktif m\u00fczakerelerin ba\u015flamas\u0131yla ilgili idi. G\u00fcney Kafkasya cumhuriyetleri bu s\u00fcrecin merkezinde yer al\u0131yorlard\u0131. Gaskel\u2019in kar\u0131\u015fs\u0131nda duran \u00f6nemli vazifelerden biri gen\u00e7 cumhuriyetlerin, delegeleri taraf\u0131ndan bar\u0131\u015f konferans\u0131nda sunduklar\u0131 memorandumlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine ne kadar uyup uymad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 yerinde g\u00f6rmek ve rapor haz\u0131rlamak idi. S\u0131n\u0131r sorunu en ciddi sorunlardan biri idi ve bu sorunlar G\u00fcney Kafkasya\u2019da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n meydana gelmesine neden olmu\u015ftur. Zengezur ve Karaba\u011f\u2019da Ermeni-Azerbaycan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla ilgili B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tutumu Gaskel\u2019e belli idi. Buna g\u00f6re Gaskel\u2019in bu konudaki ilk a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131ndan, Antantl\u0131 m\u00fcttefi kinin tutumuyla benzer oldu\u011fu hissedilmekteydi. Azerbaycan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Nasib Bey Usubbeyov\u2019un 28 A\u011fustos 1919 tarihli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde Gaskel Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019un Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc esas alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>. Ayr\u0131ca Gaskel Ermeni parlamentosundaki konu\u015fmas\u0131nda Azerbaycan\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 tehdit i\u00e7eren ifadeler kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair yay\u0131lan s\u00f6ylentileri de tekzip etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

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O s\u0131rada Ermeni h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Azerbaycan ordusunun Zengezur\u2019a gelmesine itiraz etti. Ermenistan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada bu topraklar\u0131n Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011funu, Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin her hangi bir hareketinin \u0130ngiliz komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n karar\u0131na tamamen ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu, bu y\u00fczden istenmeyen huzursuzluklar\u0131n ve kanl\u0131 olaylar\u0131n meydana gelebilece\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

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Ermenistan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti sorunun ayr\u0131 bir iki tarafl\u0131 konferansta \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini \u00f6nerdi. Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti cevap notas\u0131nda Zengezur sorununun Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n bir i\u00e7 meselesi oldu\u011funu ve bu konuda Ermeni h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle her hangi bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra notada \u0130ngiliz komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019u Azerbaycan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde tan\u0131yarak s\u0131n\u0131r konusunda tutumunu \u00f6nceden sergiledi\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Bak\u00fc\u2019de Azerbaycan-Ermenistan konferans\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesine onay verdi\u011fini de ifade etmi\u015ftir. Fakat bu konferans\u0131n karar\u0131 Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan aras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici de\u011fil nihai \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc olacakt\u0131r. <\/strong>Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n bu \u015fart\u0131 tesad\u00fcfi de\u011fildir. Ermenilerin takti\u011fi Azerbaycan diplomasisine belli idi<\/strong>. Nitekim \u00f6nce bar\u0131\u015ftan yana bir tutum i\u00e7inde olduklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcksek sesle a\u00e7\u0131klamak, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcyle ilgili kararl\u0131l\u0131k ifade etmek, son anda s\u00f6z\u00fcnden geri d\u00f6nmek Ermenilerin bilinen \u00f6zelli\u011fi idi. Bunu dikkate alan Azerbaycan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 M.Y.Caferov 13 Ekim 1919\u2019da Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n Azerbaycan\u2019daki yetkili temsilcisi T.Bekzadyan\u2019la g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinde Ermeni taraf\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan uyard\u0131: \u00abToprak sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ilkelerinin k\u0131smen i\u015flenip haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 G\u00fcney Kafkasya konferans\u0131 deneyiminden sabit oldu\u011fu \u00fczere Ermenilerin bar\u0131\u015fmaz tutumu hi\u00e7bir \u015fey kazand\u0131rmayacakt\u0131r. Gerek sorunun konusu, gerekse azami \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 tavizler yap\u0131lmadan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen konferans her hangi bir sonu\u00e7 vermeyecektir. E\u011fer sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcyle ilgili baz\u0131 konular \u00f6nceden a\u00e7\u0131klamaya kavu\u015fturulmazsa ve yol haritas\u0131 belirlenmezse, yani ama\u00e7 kamuoyu \u00f6n\u00fcnde tekrar bar\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131k ve inat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k sergilemekse, ben bunu tamamen gereksiz buluyorum. E\u011fer Ermeni h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 anla\u015fma konusunda samimiyse l\u00fctfen benim g\u00fcndeme getirdi\u011fim konularda h\u00fck\u00fcmetinizle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in<\/em>.\u00bb18<\/sup><\/p>\n

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20 Kas\u0131m 1919\u2019da Tiflis\u2019te ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f Ermeni-Azerbaycan bar\u0131\u015f konferans\u0131 Azerbaycan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131n\u0131n endi\u015felerini tamamen do\u011frulad\u0131. Konferans \u00f6ncesi Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Karaba\u011f\u2019daki birliklerine operasyonlar\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 emrini verdi. H\u00fck\u00fcmet raporlar\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi Karaba\u011f valisine askeri takviye g\u00f6nderilmesi i\u00e7in yeteri kadar gerek\u00e7e vard\u0131. Nitekim Ermeni h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Zengezur\u2019a d\u00fczenli ordu birlikleri sevk etmi\u015f, gerekti\u011finde b\u00f6lgedeki Ermenilerin ayaklanmalar\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece Ermeni ahalinin Azerbaycan hakimiyetini tan\u0131mad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermek amac\u0131yla silah ve m\u00fchimmat g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti bu duruma kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalamazd\u0131. Dahas\u0131 1918 y\u0131l\u0131 ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan 1919 y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131na dek Andranik\u2019in silahl\u0131 \u00e7etelerinin Zengezur kazas\u0131nda yapt\u0131klar\u0131 mezalim sonucu do\u011fma yurtlar\u0131n\u0131 terk etmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015f 60 bin m\u00fcltecinin19<\/sup> geri d\u00f6nmelerini sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekirdi.<\/p>\n

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Konferans\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re 23 Kas\u0131m 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ermenistan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 A.Hatisov ve Azerbaycan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 N.Usubbeyov bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalad\u0131lar. Antla\u015f<\/strong>ma <\/strong>gere\u011f<\/strong>i <\/strong>s\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131<\/strong>r <\/strong>sorunlar\u0131 <\/strong>dahil <\/strong>t\u00fc<\/strong>m <\/strong>sorunlar <\/strong>silah <\/strong>yoluyla <\/strong>de\u011f<\/strong>il, <\/strong>bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131<\/strong>l <\/strong>yollardan \u00e7\u00f6<\/strong>z\u00fc<\/strong>mlenecektir. <\/strong>Antla\u015f<\/strong>man\u0131<\/strong>n <\/strong>imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/strong>tarihten <\/strong>itibaren <\/strong>h\u00fc<\/strong>k\u00fc<\/strong>metlerden <\/strong>hi\u00e7<\/strong>birisi <\/strong>silah <\/strong>yoluyla <\/strong>o <\/strong>d\u00f6<\/strong>neme <\/strong>kadar <\/strong>hakimiyetini <\/strong>tan\u0131<\/strong>mayan <\/strong>b\u00f6<\/strong>lgeleri <\/strong>kendine <\/strong>tabi <\/strong>etmeyecektir<\/strong>.20<\/sup> Anla\u015fma \u015fartlar\u0131 gere\u011fi Azerbaycan askeri birliklerini Zengezur\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ermenistan ise antla\u015fma h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fekilde ihlal ederek bu b\u00f6lgeye d\u00fczenli, ordu birliklerini sevk etti. O d\u00f6nemde Bak\u00fc\u2019de bulunan \u0130ngiliz gazeteci Scotland Liddel Londra\u2019ya b\u00f6yle bir haber notu iletmi\u015fti: 23 Kas\u0131m antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u201cErmeniler Azerbaycan birliklerinin geri \u00e7ekilmesini f\u0131rsat bilerek Zengezur\u2019da M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara sald\u0131rd\u0131lar ve yakla\u015f\u0131k k\u0131rk M\u00fcsl\u00fcman iskan birimini da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131lar\u201d 21<\/sup>. 8 Aral\u0131k 1919 tarihinde M\u00fcttefi klerin Y\u00fcksek Komiseri Albay W.Gaskel\u2019e g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi telgrafta Azerbaycan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 N.Usubbeyov Zengezur\u2019da meydana gelen son olaylara ili\u015fkin endi\u015felerini dile getirdi. N.Usubbeyov\u2019a g\u00f6re E\u011fer Ermeni ahalinin elinde makineli t\u00fcfekler ve toplar kal\u0131rsa ileride ayaklanma olmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan ve anar\u015finin devam etmeyece\u011finden emin olamay\u0131z. Buna g\u00f6re de Azerbaycan Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 5 g\u00fcnden ge\u00e7 olmayarak Ermeni \u00e7etelerinin elinden top ve makineli t\u00fcfekleri almak i\u00e7in Amerikan subaylar\u0131ndan ibaret bir komisyon g\u00f6nderilmesini \u00f6neriyordu. Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti aksi takdirde anar\u015fi \u00e7\u0131karanlara Zengezur\u2019da bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n ilkelerini koruma gerekti\u011fini anlatabilecek t\u00fcrden somut \u00f6nlemler alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti22<\/sup>. 11 Aral\u0131k 1919 tarihli cevap telgraf\u0131nda W.Gaskel telgraf\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bakana Ermenistan Cumhuriyeti Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ilave notla teslim edildi\u011fini yaz\u0131yordu: E\u011f<\/em>er <\/em>bu <\/em>su\u00e7<\/em>lama <\/em>ara\u015f<\/em>t\u0131<\/em>rma <\/em>sonucu <\/em>do\u011f<\/em>rulan\u0131<\/em>rsa <\/em>o <\/em>zaman <\/em>bu <\/em>Ermenistan\u2019\u0131<\/em>n <\/em>istikbaline <\/em>vurulacak <\/em>en <\/em>b\u00fc<\/em>y\u00fc<\/em>k <\/em>darbe <\/em>olacakt\u0131<\/em>r<\/em>.\u00bb23<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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14-21 Aral\u0131k 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bak\u00fc\u2019de Ermeni-Azerbaycan bar\u0131\u015f konferans\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bu konferans kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda Tiflis\u2019te ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan aras\u0131nda birikmi\u015f sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6ng\u00f6ren g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin devam\u0131 idi. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin en tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 g\u00fcndem maddesi \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki toprak sorunlar\u0131 idi. Bu konuda taraflar\u0131n tutumlar\u0131 tamamen farkl\u0131 idi. Azerbaycan taraf\u0131 t\u00fcm G\u00fcney Kafkas \u00fclkelerinin konfederasyonunu tesis etmek \u00f6nerisini ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re konfederasyon yap\u0131s\u0131 t\u00fcm toprak ve di\u011fer sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde en iyi ve en makbul siyasi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu idi. Ermenistan delegasyonu yeniden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 tutum sergileyerek nihai s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n belirlenmesine dek s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izgisi konusunda ge\u00e7ici bir \u00f6n antla\u015fma imzalanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerdi<\/strong>. 24<\/sup> Bu tutum ise beklenen bir tutumdu. Zira Ermenistan kom\u015fular\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131r sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in kendisini uzun s\u00fcreli bir antla\u015fmaya ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 k\u0131lmak istemezken \u201cErmeni sorununu\u201d \u00e7\u00f6zecek Paris konferans\u0131n\u0131 sab\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131kla bekliyordu. Bu sorunun Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n lehine sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131 eski \u0130revan vilayetini, Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019u tamamen Ermenistan\u2019a verilmesi anlam\u0131na geliyordu<\/strong>. Ermeniler \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan\u201d hayali kuruyorlard\u0131. Bu \u00fclkenin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 Ararat Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Ov. Ka\u00e7aznuni taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7izilmi\u015f olup \u201cAkdeniz\u2019den Karadeniz\u2019e dek, Karaba\u011f da\u011flar\u0131ndan Arabistan \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcne dek\u201d yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u00bb25<\/sup>. Belli ki Ermenistan bu kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck hedefl eri bu veya di\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131r par\u00e7as\u0131 konusundaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hesaplara de\u011fi\u015fmeyecekti. Bu y\u00fczden Ermeniler de\u011fi\u015fik \u00f6neriler ileri s\u00fcrerek Azerbaycan\u2019la iki tarafl \u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalamaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ermenilerin s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izgisi konusundaki \u00f6nerilerine gelince, Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgelerindeki etnik ve demografi k yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik ve ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi imkans\u0131z idi. Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kla u\u011fra\u015fan Azerbaycan k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri geleneksel olarak s\u00fcr\u00fclerini yaz\u0131n Zengezur da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksekliklerinde, k\u0131\u015f\u0131n ise oval\u0131k b\u00f6lgede, yani ova Karaba\u011f\u2019da besliyorlard\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re de Ermenilerin da\u011fl\u0131k bir b\u00f6lge olan Zengezur\u2019a hak iddia etmeleri, g\u00f6\u00e7ebe duraklar\u0131yla ilgili do\u011frulay\u0131c\u0131 belge ve tan\u0131kl\u0131k ileri s\u00fcrmek, koruyucu ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck noktalar\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6neriler yaylak-k\u0131\u015flak hareketlerini engelledi\u011fi i\u00e7in taraflar aras\u0131nda gerginli\u011fi devaml\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131yordu. Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin protestolar\u0131 sonu\u00e7suz kald\u0131. S\u00f6z konusu bar\u0131\u015f konferans\u0131 her hangi sonuca varamadan sonland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

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1920 y\u0131l\u0131 ocak-\u015fubat aylar\u0131nda Zengezur ve Karaba\u011f\u2019\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman iskan birimleri Ermeni ordular\u0131n\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131larda yerli Ermeniler de Ermenistan ordusuna yard\u0131m ediyorlard\u0131. Yeniden kan ak\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda yeni dalga m\u00fclteci ak\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu durumda Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur\u2019a, Ermenistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na \u00f6nemli miktarda askeri g\u00fc\u00e7 sevk etmek zorunda kald\u0131. Bu arada kuzey s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan gelen, Bol\u015fevik Rusya\u2019dan askeri tehdit gittik\u00e7e artmaktayd\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n Sovyetle\u015ftirilmesi \u00f6ncesinde Azerbaycan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc diplomatik ve siyasi \u00e7abalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen Karaba\u011f ve Zengezur konusunda Ermenistan\u2019la \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma sorunu bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l yoldan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemedi.<\/p>\n

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Kaynak\u00e7a (Endnotes):<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \n
  1. \u041d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0445 \u0432 1918-1923 \u0433\u0433. \u0421\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u0442\u0432. \u0440\u0435\u0434. \u0412.\u0410.\u041c\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d. \u0415\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d, 1992, \u0441.5<\/li>\n
  2. \u0413\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043b\u0438 \u0414\u0436. \u0412\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434- \u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 (1918-1920). \u041c., 2010, \u0441.106<\/li>\n
  3. \u041d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0445 \u0432 1918-1923 \u0433\u0433. \u0421\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0441. 6-7<\/li>\n
  4. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 (\u0410\u041f\u0414\u0423\u0414\u041f\u0410\u0420), \u0444.277, \u043e\u043f.2, \u0434.7, \u043b.37-38<\/li>\n
  5. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c. \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443,1990, \u0441.287<\/li>\n
  6. \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 (\u0413\u0410\u0410\u0420), \u0444. 894, \u043e\u043f.1, \u0434.43, \u043b.13-14<\/li>\n
  7. \u0413\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u00bb, 1918, 3 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f<\/li>\n
  8. \u0413\u0410\u0410\u0420, \u0444. 894, \u043e\u043f.1, \u0434.43, \u043b.13-14<\/li>\n
  9. \u041d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0445 \u0432 1918-1923 \u0433\u0433. \u0421\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0441.62-63<\/li>\n
  10. \u0422\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435, \u0441.66-67, 73-75, 80-81<\/li>\n
  11. \u0422\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435, \u0441.102-103, \u0441.133<\/li>\n
  12. \u0422\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435, \u0441.117-120, 125-128<\/li>\n
  13. \u0422\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435, \u0441.149<\/li>\n
  14. \u0422\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435, \u0441.202-204<\/li>\n
  15. \u0422\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435, \u0441.227<\/li>\n
  16. \u0422\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435, \u0441.323-327<\/li>\n
  17. \u0413\u0410\u0410\u0420, \u0444.970, \u043e\u043f.1, \u0434.144, \u043b.1-8<\/li>\n
  18. \u0413\u0410\u0410\u0420, \u0444.970, \u043e\u043f.1, \u0434.144, \u043b.1-8<\/li>\n
  19. \u0413\u0410\u0410\u0420, \u0444.970, \u043e\u043f.1, \u0434.144, \u043b.14-17<\/li>\n
  20. \u0413\u0410\u0410\u0420, \u0444.970, \u043e\u043f.1, \u0434.95, \u043b.13<\/li>\n
  21. \u0413\u0410\u0410\u0420, \u0444.894, \u043e\u043f.10, \u0434.81, \u043b.9-10<\/li>\n
  22. \u0413\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u00ab\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u00bb, 1919, 16 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f<\/li>\n
  23. \u0413\u0410\u0410\u0420, \u0444.970. \u043e\u043f.1. \u0434.95.\u043b.22<\/li>\n
  24. \u0413\u0410\u0410\u0420, \u0444.970,\u043e\u043f.1, \u0434.95, \u043b.43-48<\/li>\n
  25. \u041a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0443\u043d\u0438 \u041e\u0432. \u0414\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0443\u0442\u044e\u043d \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443,1990, \u0441.43<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Dr. \u0130lgar N\u0130FTALIYEV <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Tarih Bilimci<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Dergi<\/strong> \u201c\u0130rs-Miras\u201d, \u2116 9, 2014, s.48-57<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fcney Kafkasya\u2019da s\u0131n\u0131r belirleme s\u00fcreci y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyu b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n sosyo-ekonomik ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7land\u0131. Bu do\u011frultuda yeni meydana gelmi\u015f yeni ulus devletler aras\u0131nda ciddi s\u0131n\u0131r sorunlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":113901,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[661,235,234],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-113910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-create-an-armenian-state-slide-9","category-analysis-armenian-state-3","category-armenian-state-3"],"fimg_url":"https:\/\/1905.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/karabakh-zangezur-1918.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=113910"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113910\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":223448,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113910\/revisions\/223448"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/113901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=113910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=113910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}