Azerbaycan ve Ermenistan aras\u0131nda Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f nedeniyle \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla May\u0131s 1994\u2019te K\u0131rg\u0131zistan\u2019\u0131n Bi\u015fkek \u015fehrinde ate\u015fkese ili\u015fkin protokol imzaland\u0131. Tarihe \u201cBi\u015fkek protokol\u00fc\u201d olarak ge\u00e7en bu anla\u015fmayla s\u0131cak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara ara verilirken, Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f ve \u00e7evresindeki 7 b\u00f6lgede Ermeni i\u015fgali halen devam ediyor. Ate\u015fkes anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen her g\u00fcn b\u00f6lgeden i\u015fgalci Ermenistan ordusunun ate\u015fkes ihlallerine ili\u015fkin haberler gelmektedir. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk be\u015f ay\u0131nda cephede toplam 2242 kez ate\u015fkes d\u00fczeni ihlal edildi. Ate\u015fkesin ihlali \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalarda ve may\u0131n patlamas\u0131 sonucu Azerbaycan Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetleri\u2019nin 9 askeri \u015fehit oldu. 13 ordu mensubu (8 ki\u015fi may\u0131n patlamas\u0131nda olmak \u00fczere) ve 2\u00a0 sivil yaraland\u0131.(1905.az)<\/p>\n
***<\/b><\/p>\n
Araz Aslanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ayn\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131 dizisinden: May\u0131s 1994`te Ate\u015fkes Anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131na kadarki s\u00fcre\u00e7te hangisinin ne kadar iyiniyet ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 halen tam olarak bilinmemekle beraber \u00e7ok say\u0131da ate\u015fkes giri\u015fimi s\u00f6z konusu oldu. \u0130\u015fin ilgin\u00e7 yan\u0131 sonuncusu d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki hepsi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olan bu ate\u015fkes giri\u015fimleri her defas\u0131nda iyi niyetli tutumunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmesiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131. Baz\u0131 giri\u015fimlere k\u0131saca g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<\/b><\/p>\n
Azerbaycan ile Ermenistan aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sona erdirilmesine y\u00f6nelik sonraki ilk ciddi giri\u015fimler \u0130ran`dan geldi.<\/i><\/b><\/i><\/p>\n
24 \u015eubat 1992\u2019de \u0130ran D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Ali Ekber Velayeti, taraflar aras\u0131nda arabuluculuk yapma amac\u0131yla b\u00f6lgeye bir ziyaret ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Taraflar aras\u0131nda ate\u015fkes i\u00e7in temel konularda uzla\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken Ermenistan taraf\u0131 Hocal\u0131 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 yapt\u0131. \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n bir sonraki benzer giri\u015fimi de ate\u015fkes a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n
Nisan 1992 sonuna do\u011fru \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n arabuluculuk giri\u015fimleri de artm\u0131\u015f ve 7 May\u0131s 1992\u2019de, Tahran\u2019da Azerbaycan Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vekili Yagub Memmedov, Ermenistan Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Levon Ter-Petrosyan ve \u0130ran Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Ha\u015fimi Rafsancani aras\u0131nda sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme sonucunda Azerbaycan ile Ermenistan aras\u0131nda sekiz maddeden olu\u015fan bir anla\u015fma imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ama anla\u015fma imzaland\u0131ktan sadece iki g\u00fcn sonra 8 May\u0131s 1992\u2019de Ermenistan ordusu b\u00f6lgenin anahtar\u0131 konumundaki \u015eu\u015fa\u2019y\u0131, 17 May\u0131s 1992\u2019de ise b\u00f6lgeyi Ermenistan\u2019a ba\u011flayan La\u00e7\u0131n\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etmi\u015ftir. Bu da \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n arabuluculuk ve Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f konusundaki tutumunun \u201csamimili\u011fi\u201d konusunda sorular ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f ve bir bar\u0131\u015f giri\u015fiminin de sonu\u00e7suz kalmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Haziran 1992`de AG\u0130T \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yo\u011funla\u015fan arabuluculuk ve ate\u015fkes giri\u015fimleri Ermenistan`\u0131n yeni ko\u015fullar ileri s\u00fcrmesi \u00fczerine yine yar\u0131m kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015e\u00f6yle ki, Ermenistan temsilcilerinin bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine eski DK\u00d6B co\u011frafyas\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Ermenilerin resmi s\u0131fatla kat\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 istemesi ve aksi taktirde toplant\u0131lara kat\u0131lmayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesi, 29 Haziran-7 Temmuz aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak olan Roma g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin 3. turundan ve 15 Temmuzda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan 4. turundan sonu\u00e7 al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015f ve durum Roma g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00c7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u015fiddetlenerek devam etmesi uluslararas\u0131 g\u00f6zlemcileri yeniden arabuluculuk yapmaya itmi\u015ftir. 26 A\u011fustos 1992\u2019de Kazakistan Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Nazarbayev ate\u015fkes ilan edilmesi i\u00e7in giri\u015fimde bulunmu\u015ftur. 27 A\u011fustos\u2019da ise Minsk Grubu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mario Rafaelli s\u0131ras\u0131yla Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131 ve Ermenistan\u2019\u0131 ziyaret ederek ate\u015fkes yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Minsk Konferans\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere ba\u015flanmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk sonu\u00e7lar Azerbaycan, Ermenistan ve Kazakistan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 27 A\u011fustos 1992\u2019de Alma-Ata Beyannamesi\u2019nin imzalanmas\u0131yla elde edilmi\u015ftir. Bu beyannamede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, 1 Eyl\u00fcl 1992\u2019den itibaren ate\u015fkes sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 3 Eyl\u00fcl 1992\u2019de taraflar Minsk Grubu\u2019nun da \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131na uyarak bu belgeyi uygulamak i\u00e7in Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rdaki \u0130cevan rayonunda (red. idari birim, il\u00e7e) protokol imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 14-15 Eyl\u00fcl 1992 tarihlerinde \u00fc\u00e7 tarafl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma grubu faaliyete ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Fakat bu defa Ermenistan Alma-Ata Beyannamesi\u2019ni reddetmi\u015f ve Kazakistan\u2019\u0131n ikna \u00e7abalar\u0131 da sonu\u00e7suz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bir sonraki giri\u015fim Rusya\u2019dan gelmi\u015ftir. 19 Eyl\u00fcl 1992\u2019de Rusya\u2019n\u0131n arabuluculu\u011fuyla So\u00e7i kentinde, Azerbaycan, Ermenistan, Rusya ve G\u00fcrcistan Savunma Bakanlar\u0131 25 Eyl\u00fcl 1992\u2019den itibaren ate\u015fkesin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve bir s\u0131ra ba\u015fka konularda anla\u015fma imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat bir yandan iki taraf\u0131n s\u00fcrekli bir-birlerini ate\u015fkesi ihlal etmekle su\u00e7lamas\u0131, di\u011fer yandan Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n Azerbaycan i\u00e7erisindeki eski DK\u00d6B Ermenilerinin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere resmi s\u0131fatla kat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki \u0131srarlar\u0131 nedeniyle bu anla\u015fmaya da uyulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
20 \u015eubat 1993\u2019te Roma\u2019da Azerbaycan, ABD, Ermenistan, Rusya temsilcileri ve Minsk Konferans\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Rafaelli\u2019nin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Roma g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler sonucunda taraflar ate\u015fkesin tam olarak sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve Minsk Konferans\u0131n\u0131n resmen a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in anla\u015famasalar da en az\u0131ndan ate\u015fkesin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgeye g\u00f6zlemcilerin gelmesi konusunda uzla\u015fmaya var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Fakat, 27 Mart 1993\u2019de Ermenistan taraf\u0131ndan, Ermenistan\u2019la Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n eski DK\u00d6B\u2019ni ba\u011flayan koridorlardan birisi olan Kelbecer rayonuna y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar 27 Mart-3 Nisan 1993 tarihleri aras\u0131nda devam etmi\u015ftir. Azerbaycan Devlet Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 6 Nisan 1993\u2019te, 3 Nisan 1993\u2019ten itibaren rayonun tamamen Ermeni g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edildi\u011fini resmi olarak a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sald\u0131r\u0131 sonucunda il\u00e7e n\u00fcfusunun bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, geri kalanlarsa m\u00fclteci durumuna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Azerbaycan taraf\u0131 bu i\u015fgal s\u0131ras\u0131nda Ermenistan taraf\u0131n\u0131n Rus askeri birliklerinden yard\u0131m g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ifade etmi\u015ftir. Konu BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi`nin 822 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131na da konu olmu\u015f ve i\u015fgal k\u0131nanarak biran evvel i\u015fgale son verilmesi istenmi\u015ftir\u2026<\/p>\n
***<\/b><\/p>\n
1993 y\u0131l\u0131 Ermenistan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ve ate\u015fkes giri\u015fimlerinin yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem olmu\u015ftur. Kelbecer`in i\u015fgaliyle birlikte s\u00fcrece BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi`nin de dahil olmas\u0131yla \u00e7abalar daha da \u00e7ok boyutlu hale gelmi\u015ftir.<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle, 3 May\u0131s 1993\u2019te Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Yeltsin\u2019in giri\u015fimiyle Rusya AG\u0130K s\u00fcreci \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00f6nemli bir bar\u0131\u015f giri\u015fimi ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rusya\u2019y\u0131 Ermeni yanl\u0131s\u0131 olarak nitelendiren Azerbaycan, durumu dengelemek i\u00e7in e\u015fit g\u00fcce sahip \u00fclke olarak ABD\u2019nin s\u00fcrece kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. S\u00fcrece T\u00fcrkiye de dahil olmu\u015f, b\u00f6ylece Rusya, T\u00fcrkiye ve ABD \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yo\u011fun giri\u015fimi s\u00f6z konusu olmu\u015ftur. Taraflar\u0131n, 14 May\u0131s 1993\u2019e kadar Ermeni g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin Kelbecer\u2019i bo\u015faltmas\u0131n\u0131, 17 May\u0131s 1993\u2019ten itibaren de AG\u0130K \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinin devam ettirilmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren teklifleri Azerbaycan taraf\u0131ndan kabul g\u00f6rse de, Ermenistan buna yana\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 27 May\u0131s 1993\u2019te ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Yeltsin – Ter-Petrosyan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinden sonra Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n tutumunda de\u011fi\u015fiklik ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yani, Ermenistan arabulucular\u0131n t\u00fcm tekliflerini kabul etti\u011fini ifade etmi\u015ftir. Fakat \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden bu defa da b\u00f6lge Ermenilerinin \u015fartlar\u0131 kabul etmedi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrerek s\u00fcreci t\u0131kam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3-4 Haziran 1993 tarihlerinde AG\u0130T\u2019e \u00fcye olan 9 \u00fclkenin-ABD, Rusya, Fransa, T\u00fcrkiye, \u0130talya, Almanya, \u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti, \u0130sve\u00e7 ve Belarus temsilcilerinin Roma\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinde Ermenistan-Azerbaycan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in temel te\u015fkil edecek yeni bir belge haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi\u2019nin 822 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 ve AG\u0130T \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere devam edilmesine y\u00f6nelik \u201cAcil Eylem Plan\u0131\u201d kabul edilerek taraflara sunulmu\u015ftur. \u201cAcil Eylem Plan\u0131\u201dna g\u00f6re 15 Haziran 1993\u2019den itibaren Ermeni taraf\u0131n\u0131n Kelbecer\u2019i tamamen bo\u015faltmas\u0131 20 Haziran 1993\u2019te tamamlanmal\u0131 ve 1 Temmuz 1993\u2019ten itibaren AG\u0130T\u2019in 50 g\u00f6zlemcisinin b\u00f6lgeye yerle\u015ftirilmesi gerekiyordu. Ard\u0131ndan da 7 A\u011fustos 1993\u2019ten ge\u00e7 olmayarak Minsk Konferans\u0131\u2019nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin yeniden ba\u015flanmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. Azerbaycan \u201cDokuzlar\u201d\u0131n bu bar\u0131\u015f plan\u0131n\u0131 hemen kabul etmi\u015f ve imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ermenistan da bu plan\u0131 kabul etmi\u015f, ama i\u015fgal alt\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgedeki baz\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerin Ermenistan y\u00f6netiminin kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek Kelbecer\u2019in bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir ay daha s\u00fcre istemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yacak konulardan birisi AG\u0130K Minsk Konferans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mario Rafaelli\u2019nin b\u00f6lgeye ziyareti olacakt\u0131. Rafaelli`nin 4 Temmuz 1993\u2019te ba\u015flayacak Azerbaycan ve Ermenistan ziyareti konusu bir soruna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcnce plan\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar kolay olmayaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Rafaelli\u2019nin b\u00f6lgeyi Bak\u00fc-\u0130revan-Bak\u00fc-A\u011fdam-Hankendi-Bak\u00fc-Roma grafi\u011fi \u00fczere ziyaret etmek istemesine Ermenistan taraf\u0131 itiraz etmi\u015fti. Ermenistan, Hankendi\u2019ne A\u011fdam\u2019dan gidilmesine itiraz etmekteydi. Azerbaycan taraf\u0131 uzla\u015fmac\u0131 tav\u0131r sergileyerek Bak\u00fc-Tiflis-\u0130revan-Hankendi-\u0130revan-Tiflis-Bak\u00fc grafi\u011fini kabul etmi\u015f ve Rafaelli bu trafikle ziyaretini tamamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat yine de sonu\u00e7 al\u0131namam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc uluslararas\u0131 arabulucular\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f plan\u0131 ayn\u0131yd\u0131: \u201cErmeniler i\u015fgal ettikleri yerlerden \u00e7ekilecek, ate\u015fkes ilan edilecek, uluslararas\u0131 g\u00f6zlemciler b\u00f6lgeye gelecek ve Minsk g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lacak\u201d.<\/p>\n
Fakat daha sonra Ermenistan`\u0131n yine sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmas\u0131 ve Azerbaycan`da ba\u015flayan i\u00e7 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar bu s\u00fcreci baltalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 17 Haziran 1993\u2019te b\u00f6lgeyi ziyaret eden Rus g\u00f6zlemciler A\u011fdam kentine d\u00fczenlenen u\u00e7ak sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fahidi olmu\u015ftur. Ayn\u0131 durum Rus g\u00f6zlemcilerin Temmuz 1993 sonuna kadar b\u00f6lgeye yapt\u0131klar\u0131 iki ziyaret s\u0131ras\u0131nda daha tekrarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 26-28 Haziran tarihlerinde d\u00fczenlenen sald\u0131r\u0131lar sonucu Ermeniler Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n A\u011fdere rayonunu i\u015fgal etmi\u015ftir. 23-24 Temmuz 1993 tarihleri aras\u0131nda ise Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n A\u011fdam rayonunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Ermenistan taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilmi\u015ftir. 11 A\u011fustos\u2019tan itibaren Ermenistan g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin Fizuli ve Cebray\u0131l rayonlar\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
23 A\u011fustos 1993\u2019te Ermenistan Ordusu Fizuli rayonunu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde i\u015fgal etmi\u015ftir. Bunu 25-26 A\u011fustos 1993\u2019te Cebray\u0131l\u2019\u0131n, 31 A\u011fustosta da Gubatl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n i\u015fgalleri izlemi\u015ftir. 23 Ekim 1993\u2019te Horadiz kasabas\u0131n\u0131n, 28 Ekim-1 Kas\u0131m 1993 tarihlerinde Zengilan\u2019\u0131n da i\u015fgal edilmesiyle eski DK\u00d6B\u2019yi de i\u00e7eren tarihi Karaba\u011f b\u00f6lgesinin tamam\u0131 fiilen Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n kontrol\u00fcnden \u00e7\u0131karak Ermenistan g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin eline ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi ise Ermenistan`\u0131n i\u015fgallerine ili\u015fkin 853, 874 ve 884 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kararlarda daha \u00f6nceki kararlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n, i\u015fgallere biran \u00f6nce ve kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z son verilmesi gerekti\u011fi vurgulanmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu arada, AG\u0130T Minsk Grubu\u2019nun \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sona erdirilmesi ve sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in temel olu\u015fturmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla \u201cAcil Eylem Plan\u0131\u201d haz\u0131rlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, fakat bu giri\u015fim de eski DK\u00d6B Ermeni toplulu\u011funun temsilcilerinin itirazlar\u0131 nedeniyle sonu\u00e7suz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle, 2-8 Kas\u0131m 1993\u2019te AG\u0130T Minsk Grubu\u2019nun Viyana\u2019da yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131s\u0131nda 9 \u00fclkenin temsilcileri b\u00f6lgedeki son durumu k\u0131nayan a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, 9 \u00fclkenin ortak iste\u011fiyle bir beyanname kabul olunmu\u015ftur. Beyannamede askeri sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yeni b\u00f6lgelerin g\u00fc\u00e7 kullanarak i\u015fgali AG\u0130T ilkelerinin ihlal edilmesi olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Dokuz \u00fclke, i\u015fgalci kuvvetleri Horadiz ve Zengilan rayonlar\u0131ndan hemen \u00e7\u0131kmaya ve BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi\u2019nin kararlar\u0131n\u0131 uygulamaya davet etmi\u015ftir. Azerbaycan topraklar\u0131n\u0131n Ermenistan taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgali meselesinin ate\u015fkes sa\u011fland\u0131ktan ve i\u015fgal olunmu\u015f topraklardan silahl\u0131 kuvvetler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra toplanacak Minsk Konferans\u0131\u2019nda m\u00fczakere edilece\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Fakat t\u00fcm bu \u00e7abalar 1993 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sorun a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Azerbaycan topraklar\u0131n\u0131n Ermenistan taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgallerini ve ate\u015fkes giri\u015fimlerinin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
***<\/p>\n
1994 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ocak-Mart d\u00f6nemi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar, AG\u0130T ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n arabuluculuk giri\u015fimleriyle ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/b><\/p>\n
Rusya AG\u0130T Minsk Grubu \u00fcyesi olsa da devaml\u0131 olarak bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kendi plan\u0131na daha \u00e7ok \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck vermekte ve bununla da b\u00f6lgedeki eski n\u00fcfuzunu sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekteydi. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n giri\u015fimleri i\u00e7inde en \u00f6nemlileri Moskova\u2019da 18 Ocak 1994\u2019te Rusya D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Koz\u0131rev\u2019le Azerbaycan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Hasanov aras\u0131ndaki ve 20 Ocak 1994\u2019te Rusya ve Ermenistan D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanlar\u0131 Koz\u0131rev ve Hovanisyan aras\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler, 4 \u015eubat 1994 tarihinde Macaristan\u2019da \u201cMinsk Dokuzlusu\u201dnun AG\u0130T Minsk Konferans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yeni ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130svi\u00e7reli Yana Eliasson\u2019la g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi, 18 \u015eubat 1994\u2019te Azerbaycan, Ermenistan ve Rusya Savunma Bakanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Moskova\u2019da yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme sonras\u0131nda protokol imzalanmas\u0131, 28 \u015eubat – 1 Mart 1994 tarihlerinde Rusya Savunma Bakan\u0131 Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n yetkili temsilcisinin Bak\u00fc ve Erivan\u2019\u0131 ziyaretleri olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
31 Mart – 3 Nisan 1994 tarihlerinde BDT Parlamentolararas\u0131 Kurulu temsilcisi olarak K\u0131rg\u0131zistan Y\u00fcksek Meclisi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00d6zel Temsilcisi Bak\u00fc\u2019y\u00fc, Erivan\u2019\u0131 ve Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n Hankendi\u2019ni ziyaret etmi\u015ftir. 9 Nisan\u2019da Ermenistan g\u00fc\u00e7leri Terter rayonuna yakla\u015f\u0131k bir ay s\u00fcren a\u011f\u0131r \u00e7apl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 15 Nisan\u2019da Moskova\u2019daki BDT Devlet Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 Zirvesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda Rusya, Azerbaycan ve Ermenistan Devlet Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 bir araya gelerek sorunu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. BDT Devlet Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 Zirvesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ayr\u0131ca, \u201cDa\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f b\u00f6lgesi ve \u00e7evresindeki olaylar\u201d konusunda ortak bir bildiri yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
26 Nisan- 2 May\u0131s 1994 tarihlerinde AG\u0130T heyeti b\u00f6lgeyi ziyaret etmi\u015ftir. 4-5 May\u0131s 1994 tarihlerinde, Bi\u015fkek\u2019te BDT Parlamentolararas\u0131 Kurulu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde K\u0131rg\u0131zistan Parlamentosu ve Rusya D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 temsilcileri, Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan Parlamento ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve eski DK\u00d6B\u2019nin T\u00fcrk ve Ermeni n\u00fcfusunun temsilcilerini bir araya getirmi\u015ftir. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme s\u0131ras\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015fa y\u00f6nelik bir ad\u0131m olarak 5 May\u0131s 1994\u2019te \u201cBi\u015fkek Protokol\u00fc\u201d imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Protokolde k\u0131saca, eski DK\u00d6B ve onun \u00e7evresindeki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n Azerbaycan ve Ermeni halklar\u0131na ve b\u00f6lgenin di\u011fer halklar\u0131na zarar verdi\u011fi, 14 Nisan 1994 tarihli BDT Devlet Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 Zirvesi\u2019nde silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 ve uzla\u015fmaya var\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n desteklenmesi, Parlamentolararas\u0131 Kurul\u2019un ve BDT\u2019nin bu y\u00f6ndeki \u00e7abas\u0131, BM ve AG\u0130T\u2019in sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc konusunda ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar\u0131n (her \u015feyden \u00f6nce G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi\u2019nin 822, 853, 874 ve 884 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131n\u0131n) uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi vurgulanarak, 18 \u015eubat 1994 tarihinde Azerbaycan, Ermenistan ve Rusya Savunma Bakanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Moskova\u2019da imzalanan protokole de\u011finilerek, 8 May\u0131s\u2019tan 9 May\u0131s\u2019a ge\u00e7en geceden itibaren ate\u015fin kesilmesi, baz\u0131 di\u011fer sorunlarla beraber m\u00fcltecilerin yurtlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flanmas\u0131 konusunda uzla\u015fmaya var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edilmekteydi. 9 May\u0131s 1994\u2019te Azerbaycan ve Ermenistan Savunma Bakanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ate\u015fkesle ilgili anla\u015fma imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 12 May\u0131s 1994\u2019ten itibaren ate\u015fkes rejimi uygulanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fmeyle birlikte Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n Azerbaycan topraklar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik i\u015fgalci sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na ve iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan sava\u015fa resmen ara verilmi\u015ftir. 1994 ate\u015fkesinden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadarki d\u00f6nemde s\u0131k-s\u0131k ate\u015fkes ihlali ya\u015fanmas\u0131na ve bazen bu ihlallerin sava\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fece\u011fine ili\u015fkin beklentiler olu\u015fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ate\u015fkes hali g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar s\u00fcregelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
1994\u2019den g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar hemen hemen her g\u00fcn (taraflar, birbirlerini ate\u015fkesi haftada yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 kere ihlal etmekle su\u00e7lamaktad\u0131rlar) edilmesi nedeniyle ate\u015fkesin ne i\u015fe yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131 devaml\u0131 sorgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ate\u015fkes ihlal edilmesi sonucu her iki taraftan \u00e7ok say\u0131da asker ve sivil \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f ve yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak esir alma durumlar\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olmu\u015ftur. Baz\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde ise ate\u015fkes ihlallerinin yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131n ba\u015flayabilece\u011fi uyar\u0131lar\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 10 Eyl\u00fcl 2009 tarihinde A\u011fdam y\u00f6n\u00fcnde sald\u0131r\u0131ya ge\u00e7en Ermenistan ordusuna Azerbaycan taraf\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermesi sonucu 5 Ermenistan askeri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, 10\u2019uysa yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Keza 2010 yaz\u0131nda Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n ate\u015fkesi ihlali sonucu \u00e7\u0131kan geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma da, 5 Ermenistan askerinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, onlarca askerin ise yaralanmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fma sonunda daha sonra Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n milli kahraman\u0131 ilan edilen M\u00fcbariz \u0130brahimov\u2019un cenazesi Ermenistan ordusunun kontrol etti\u011fi b\u00f6lgede kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha sonra \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalarda yine Azerbaycan ve Ermenistan ordusunun askerlerinin cenazeleri kar\u015f\u0131 taraflar\u0131n kontrol etti\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cenazelerin iadesi sadece 27 Ekim 2010`da, Rusya`n\u0131n He\u015fterhan kentinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede imzalanan anla\u015fmayla sa\u011flanabilmi\u015ftir. Ate\u015fkesin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesine ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131rken (5 Mart\u2019ta devlet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme daha yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131) 8 Mart 2011 tarihinde Ermenistan ordusunun keskin ni\u015fanc\u0131s\u0131 bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n i\u015fgali alt\u0131nda olan A\u011fdam b\u00f6lgesinin i\u015fgal edilmemi\u015f \u015e\u0131hlar k\u00f6y\u00fcndeki 9 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuk kafas\u0131ndan vurarak katledildi.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere ate\u015fkes anla\u015fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ate\u015f pek de kesilmi\u015f de\u011fil. Ermenistan i\u00e7in elde ettiklerini yasalla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n, Azerbaycan i\u00e7in ise zorunlu olarak uygun zaman\u0131 beklemenin arac\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen ate\u015fkes anla\u015fmas\u0131 sava\u015f riskini canl\u0131 tutuyor. Ermenistan Azerbaycan topraklar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fgali alt\u0131nda tutmaya devam ediyor. Sorun ise \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcms\u00fcz duruyor. Bir de ortada ac\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgeyi biranda sava\u015f\u0131n ve k\u00fcresel bunal\u0131m\u0131n i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekebilecek A\u011fustos 2008 olaylar\u0131 deneyimi var. Ko\u015fullar bu kadar a\u00e7\u0131kken arabulucular\u0131n, e\u011fer ger\u00e7ekten kal\u0131c\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f ve istikrar pe\u015findeyseler, i\u015fgali sona erdirmek i\u00e7in daha kesin ad\u0131mlar atmalar\u0131 gerekmiyor mu?<\/p>\n
\u00a0(www.1news.com.tr)<\/b><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Azerbaycan ve Ermenistan aras\u0131nda Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f nedeniyle \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla May\u0131s 1994\u2019te K\u0131rg\u0131zistan\u2019\u0131n Bi\u015fkek \u015fehrinde ate\u015fkese ili\u015fkin protokol imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[239,201],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-analysis-ateshkes-devam-ediyor","category-ceasfire-continues-4-tr"],"fimg_url":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3840"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3840\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1905.az\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}