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\n

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\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5c71\u533a\u6781\u5927\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u6839\u636e1897\u5e74\u4eba\u53e3\u666e\u67e5\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u768454841\u6237\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e2d\u670929350\u6237\u662f\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\uff0c18616\u6237\u662f\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u52301917\u5e74\uff0c\u56e0\u5916\u6765\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u5267\u589e\uff0c\u5360\u5230\u4eba\u53e3\u603b\u6570\u768446%\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u53ea\u536051%\u3002<\/p>\n

1917\u5e74\u300a\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u65e5\u5386\u300b\u6c47\u7f16\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5c45\u4f4f\u7740199000\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\uff08\u536058.3%\uff09\u548c142000\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\uff08\u536041.7%\uff09\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u662f\u5728\u6c99\u4fc4\u653f\u7b56\u5e87\u62a4\u4e0b\u4eba\u4e3a\u5206\u671f\u3001\u5206\u6279\u8fc1\u81f3\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u533a\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u53e4\u5230\u4eca\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u4ecd\u5360\u5927\u591a\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u65e5\u5386\u300b\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5883\u5185\uff0c\u4ee5\u524d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c1886\u5e74\uff0c\u5360\u8d3e\u7701\uff08\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u6ce2\u5c14\uff09\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u53bf\u7684326\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u91cc\u6709154\u4e2a\u662f\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u6751\uff0845.7%\uff09\uff0c91\u4e2a\u662f\u5e93\u5c14\u5fb7\u6751\uff0827.8%\uff09\uff0c81\u4e2a\u662f\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6751\uff0824.8%\uff09\u30021889\u5e74\uff0c\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u53bf\u7684\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u591a1500\u30021897\u5e74\uff0c\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u53bf\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u603b\u6570\u4e3a142000\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u4e3a71200\uff0c\u536050.1%\uff0c\u800c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u4e3a63600\uff0c\u536044.8% \u30021962\u5e74\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4e2d\u592e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b80\u7f16\u663e\u793a\uff0c1831\u5e74\uff0c\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u5e02\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a18766\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d15992\u4eba\u662f\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u3002\u800c1866\u5e74\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a27246\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d23627\u4eba\u662f\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\uff0c\u5360\u4eba\u53e3\u603b\u6570\u768485.2% \u3002<\/p>\n

1932\u5e74\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u7531\u6cfd\u00b7\u79d1\u5c14\u79d1\u6c5f\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5171\u548c\u56fd1831-1931\u5e74\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u7701\u7684\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u53bf\u3001\u57c3\u5947\u7c73\u57c3\u5fb7\u91d1\u53bf\u3001\u8036\u5c3c\u00b7\u5df4\u4e9a\u57fa\u5fb7\u53bf\u3001\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u6ce2\u5c14\u53bf\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u6ce2\u5c14\u7701\uff08\u5360\u8d3e\uff09\u7684\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u53bf\u548c\u54c8\u8428\u514b-\u8fea\u5229\u7ae0\u53bf\u3001\u5b63\u5f17\u5229\u65af\u7701\u7684\u7f57\u5229-\u76ae\u59c6\u8d1d\u514b\u53bf\u76842310\u4e2a\u5c45\u6c11\u70b9\u4e2d\u67092000\u4e2a\u662f\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u5c45\u6c11\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u603b\u4eba\u53e310\u4e07\u7684\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u5e02\u5c45\u4f4f\u77407\u5343\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u638c\u6743\u8005\u4e5f\u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u662f\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

1920\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u7701\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53bf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u53bf\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u90fd\u5360\u591a\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bf\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a99000\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u670962600\uff0866%\uff09\u4eba\u662f\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u4ec5\u670936400(34%)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u7701\u57c3\u5947\u7c73\u57c3\u91d1\u53bf\u3001\u8036\u5c3c\u00b7\u5df4\u4e9a\u57fa\u5fb7\u53bf\u548c\u82cf\u5c14\u9a6c\u5229\u53bf\u7684\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u5360\u4e09\u4e2a\u53bf\u4eba\u53e3\u603b\u6570\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u30021916\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u8d44\u6599\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u6784\u6210\u4e2d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u5360\u5927\u591a\u6570\uff1a\u5360\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u53bf\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u768474.2%\uff0c\u5360\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u53bf\u768453.3%\uff0c\u800c\u8036\u5c3c\u00b7\u5df4\u4e9a\u57fa\u5fb7\u8fbe\u53bf\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a50700\uff0c\u82cf\u5c14\u9a6c\u5229\u53bf\u670945000\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u6709\u529b\u5730\u8bc1\u660e\u4e8619\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b-20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5883\u5185\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u5360\u5927\u591a\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

1885\u5e74\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5728\u9a6c\u8d5b\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u7eb3\u574e\u515a\u201d\uff1b1887\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u6208\u5185\u6070\u514b\u515a\u201d\uff1b1890\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u6bd4\u5229\u65af\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u8fbe\u4ec0\u7eb3\u514b\u695a\u743c\u515a\u201d\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u4f01\u56fe\u5efa\u7acb\u201c\u5927\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u201d\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5bf9\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u653f\u7b56<\/strong><\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u8fc1\u79fb\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u6c99\u4fc4\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a8\u884c\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u7b56\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u7b56\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u4eba\u53e3\u72b6\u51b5\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u4e3a\u589e\u52a0\u52a9\u957f\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u9886\u571f\u7684\u89ca\u89ce\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u65bd\u4fb5\u7565\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fbe\u4ec0\u7eb3\u514b\u695a\u743c\u515a\u4e3a\u5b9e\u65bd\u515a\u7eb2\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5927\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u201d\u6784\u60f3\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5c55\u5f00\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u628a\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u4ece\u6545\u571f\u4e0a\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u5176\u5b9e\u65bd\u79cd\u65cf\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u653f\u7b56\u30021905-1906\u5e74\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5728\u5df4\u5e93\u3001\u5360\u8d3e\u3001\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u3001\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u3001\u7eb3\u5e0c\u5207\u4e07\u3001\u5965\u5c14\u675c\u5df4\u5fb7\u3001\u6c99\u9c81\u5c14-\u8fbe\u62c9\u62c9\u4e9a\u6cfd\u3001\u5b63\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u3001\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u3001\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u7b49\u5730\u5c60\u6740\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5e73\u6c11\uff0c\u711a\u70e7\u62a2\u63a0\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u6751\u5e84\u3002\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u5bf9\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u7701\u548c\u5360\u8d3e\u7701\u3001\u8212\u6c99\u53bf\u3001\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u53bf\u548c\u6770\u5e03\u62c9\u4f0a\u5c14\u53bf\u7b49\u5730\u7684200\u4e2a\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u5c45\u6c11\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u6211\u56fd\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u540c\u80de\u6210\u4e3a\u96be\u6c11\u6216\u88ab\u8feb\u6d41\u5931\u6240\u3002\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u6ee5\u6740\u65e0\u8f9c\uff0c20\u4e07\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u513f\u7ae5\u3001\u5987\u5973\u548c\u8001\u4eba\u3002\u4e3a\u5efa\u7acb\u6c99\u4fc4\u8bb8\u8bfa\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u201c\u5927\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u201d\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u79cd\u65cf\u6e05\u6d17\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5728\u6c99\u4fc4\u5e87\u62a4\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c60\u6740\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

1917\u5e74\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af \u201c\u4e8c\u6708\u9769\u547d” \u548c “\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u9769\u547d” \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fbe\u4ec0\u7eb3\u514b\u695a\u743c\u515a\u4e0e\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u56fd\u6c11\u8bae\u4f1a\u8054\u5408\u5f00\u5c55\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c1917\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u5f17\u00b7\u5217\u5b81\u4efb\u547d\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u533a\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e34\u65f6\u7d27\u6025\u59d4\u5458\u65af\u00b7\u7ecd\u4e4c\u7f05\u4e3a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5c60\u6740\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8005\u548c\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

1918\u5e74\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u5373 “\u4e09\u6708\u5927\u5c60\u6740” \u524d\u5915\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u670d\u4ece\u4e8e\u7ecd\u4e4c\u7f05\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u519b\u4eba\u603b\u6570\u8fbe2\u4e07\u3002\u5728\u5305\u62ec\u5217\u5b81\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecd\u4e4c\u7f05\u6210\u4e3a\u5df4\u5e93\u516c\u793e\u793e\u957f\u30021918\u5e743\u670830\u65e5\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4e0e\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u8054\u5408\u90e8\u961f\u5728\u519b\u8230\u4e0a\u5bf9\u5df4\u5e93\u706b\u529b\u9f50\u5c04\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u8fbe\u4ec0\u7eb3\u514b\u653b\u5165\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6b8b\u5fcd\u5730\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u4ece3\u670831\u65e5\u52304\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u5c60\u6740\u89c4\u6a21\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u4ec5\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6570\u5343\u540d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5e73\u6c11\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\u3002\u77ed\u77ed\u51e0\u5929\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4e0e\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u8054\u5408\u90e8\u961f\u5728\u5df4\u5e93\u6b8b\u6740\u4e8612000\u540d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5e73\u6c11\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6216\u88ab\u6d3b\u6d3b\u70e7\u6b7b\u3001\u6216\u88ab\u4ee5\u6781\u7aef\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6740\u5bb3\uff0c\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u79cd\u79cd\u975e\u4eba\u7684\u8650\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n

1918\u5e741\u6708\u81f35\u6708\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u7684\u6b66\u88c5\u8fdb\u653b\u81f4\u4f7f\u5e93\u5df4\u53bf16000\u540d\u5e73\u6c11\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\uff0c167\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u88ab\u6bc1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d35\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u6bc1\uff0c\u4e0d\u590d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u671f\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a-\u8fbe\u4ec0\u7eb3\u514b\u532a\u5e2e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5c60\u6740\u5e93\u5df4\u53bf\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u7684\u771f\u76f8\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u8bc1\u5b9e\u30022007\u5e74\u5728\u5e93\u5df4\u5e02\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u7fa4\u5c38\u5751\u518d\u6b21\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u7fa4\u5c38\u5751\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u57281918\u5e74\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u653b\u51fb\u5e93\u5df4\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u5e73\u6c11\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u60e8\u65e0\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u6b8b\u6740\u3002\u7fa4\u5c38\u5751\u5185\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u88ab\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u5e73\u6c11\u9057\u9ab8\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u963f\u9a6c\u624e\u65af\u666e\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u8fd8\u5bf9\u5e93\u5df4\u7684\u7a81\u53a5-\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4eba\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff0c1918-1919\u5e74\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5728\u5e93\u5df4\u5171\u5c60\u6740\u4e863000\u591a\u540d\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u7834\u574f\u5e76\u70e7\u6bc1\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b150\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u5728\u5185\u7684\u6570\u767e\u4e2a\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u5c45\u6c11\u70b9\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u5bf9\u8212\u6c99\u7684\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u60e8\u65e0\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u5c60\u6740\u30021918\u5e743\u30014\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8fbe\u4ec0\u7eb3\u514b\u6781\u5c3d\u5404\u79cd\u60e8\u7edd\u4eba\u5bf0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u5df4\u5e93\u53ca\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u5171\u6b8b\u6740\u4e865\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u53bf1\u4e07\u4eba\u4eba\u3001\u6c99\u9a6c\u54c8\u53bf10270\u4eba\u88ab\u6b8b\u5fcd\u6740\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n

1918-1920\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u9886\u571f\u5883\u5185\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684375000\u540d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709365000\u540d\u6216\u88ab\u6b8b\u6740\u6216\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u6545\u571f\u3002\u6cfd\u00b7\u514b\u5c14\u514b\u5c06\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c31831-1931\u5e74\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u8fbe\u4ec0\u7eb3\u514b\u5236\u9020\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u540e\uff0c1920\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u6240\u5269\u7a81\u53a5\uff08\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\uff09\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u4ec5\u4e3a1\u4e07\u30021922\u5e74\uff0c6\u4e07\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u96be\u6c11\u91cd\u8fd4\u6545\u571f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230\u4e8672000\uff0c1931\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86105838\u3002\u201d 1919\u5e74\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u91cc\uff0c\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u7701\u57c3\u5947\u7c73\u57c3\u91d1\u53bf\u548c\u82cf\u5c14\u9a6c\u96f7\u53bf\u768496\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u88ab\u94f2\u9664\uff0c\u800c\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u53bf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6751\u5e84\u5747\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u6d88\u706d\uff0c13\u4e07\u4e24\u5343\u540d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u88ab\u6740\u3002<\/p>\n

1918\u5e74\u81f31920\u5e74\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u5236\u9020\u7684\u60e8\u7edd\u4eba\u5bf0\u7684\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u5bfc\u81f4\u5df4\u5e93\u3001\u5e93\u5df4\u3001\u6c99\u9a6c\u54c8\u3001\u4e18\u5c14\u8fbe\u7c73\u5c14\u3001\u8fde\u514b\u5170\u3001\u8212\u6c99\u4ee5\u53ca\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u7701\u3001\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u3001\u7eb3\u5e0c\u5207\u4e07\u3001\u6c99\u9c81\u5c14\u3001\u5965\u5c14\u675c\u5df4\u5fb7\u3001\u5361\u5c14\u65af\u7b49\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6570\u5343\u540d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e00\u767e\u4e07\u591a\u540d\u5e73\u6c11\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u6545\u571f\u3002\u9664\u6ee5\u6740\u65e0\u8f9c\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u8fd8\u5728\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u9886\u571f\u4e0a\u70e7\u6bc1\u4e86\u6570\u6240\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

1918\u5e745\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u7d27\u6025\u8c03\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3002\u8be5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u67e5\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u72af\u4e0b\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u5e03\u6bcf\u5e74\u76843\u670831\u65e5\u4e3a\u54c0\u60bc\u65e5\u3002\u7136\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u74e6\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u672a\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u671f\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u52bf\u81f4\u4f7f1918\u5e745\u670829\u65e5\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u5e02\u6210\u4e86\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c1918\u5e74\u5728\u524d\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u6c57\u56fd\u2014\u8fd9\u7247\u5c5e\u4e8e\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u9886\u571f\u7684\u5883\u5185\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c99\u4fc4\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u653f\u7b56\u4f7f\u5f97\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u7b56\u8d2f\u7a7f\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u89ca\u89ce\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u9886\u571f\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5bf9\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5b9e\u65bd\u4fb5\u7565\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u91ce\u5fc3\u662f\u4fb5\u5360\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u548c\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u3002\u4e3a\u5b9e\u65bd\u4fb5\u7565\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u653f\u5e9c\u5411\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u5f15\u5165\u519b\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u8bd5\u56fe\u4fb5\u5360\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u767e\u4e2a\u5c45\u6c11\u70b9\u88ab\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u6570\u5343\u540d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5e73\u6c11\u88ab\u60e8\u65e0\u4eba\u9053\u5730\u6740\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n

1919\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8fbe\u4ec0\u7eb3\u514b\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u6c42\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5272\u8ba9\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u541e\u5e76\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5730\u533a\u7684\u9996\u6b21\u6b63\u5f0f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u653f\u5e9c\u591a\u6b21\u8868\u6001\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u548c\u5e73\u89e3\u51b3\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u8fbe\u4ec0\u7eb3\u514b\u575a\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff1a\u963b\u6b62\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5c06\u9886\u571f\u5b8c\u6574\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fdd\u969c\u516c\u6c11\u5b89\u5168\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u9ad8\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u9886\u571f\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u8bae\u4f1a\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u201c\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u91c7\u53d6\u5177\u4f53\u63aa\u65bd\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5bf9\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c1919\u5e741\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u653f\u5e9c\u5c06\u8212\u6c99\u53bf\u3001\u6770\u5e03\u62c9\u4f0a\u5c14\u53bf\u3001\u8d3e\u4e07\u5e0c\u5c14\u53bf\u53ca\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u53bf\u4ece\u5360\u8d3e\u7701\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u7531\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53bf\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u603b\u7763\u7ba1\u8f96\u7701\u3002\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u603b\u7763\u7ba1\u8f96\u7701\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3a\u8212\u6c99\u5e02\uff0c\u4efb\u547d\u970d\u65af\u7f57\u592b\u8d1d\u514b\u00b7\u82cf\u4e39\u8bfa\u592b\u4e3a\u603b\u7763\u3002\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u653f\u5e9c\u59d4\u4efb\u4ed6\u4fdd\u969c\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u7ba1\u7406\u5f53\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c1919\u5e7411\u670823\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ece\u4e2d\u65a1\u65cb\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e0e\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5728\u5b63\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u548c\u7ea6\u3002\u6839\u636e\u548c\u7ea6\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u5fc5\u987b\u505c\u6b62\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5e76\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u8fb9\u5883\u7b49\u6240\u6709\u4e89\u7aef\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u8c08\u5224\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u65b9\u86ee\u6a2a\u5730\u8fdd\u53cd\u548c\u7ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5883\u5185\u6d3e\u51fa\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8840\u8165\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5b58\u7eed\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4f01\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u4ea4\u6216\u66b4\u529b\u624b\u6bb5\u593a\u53d6\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u7c89\u788e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u52a0\u5165\u82cf\u8054\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u74e6\u89e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u529b\u91cf \u2014 \u8fbe\u4ec0\u7eb3\u514b\u53c8\u5f00\u59cb\u89ca\u89ce\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u9886\u571f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5229\u7528\u5357\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5316\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c1920\u5e74\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5ba3\u5e03\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u7b49\u7cfb\u5217\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u9886\u571f\u4e3a\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u571f\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u7eb3\u5e0c\u5207\u4e07\u4e0e\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u9694\u7edd\uff0c\u9646\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u88ab\u5207\u65ad\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u884c\u4e86\u5c06\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u8d5e\u6208\u7956\u5c14\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u5e76\u5165\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u9886\u571f\u7684\u672c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u9886\u571f\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n

1923\u5e747\u67087\u65e5\uff0c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u88ab\u8fc1\u81f3\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5c71\u533a\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u5730\u533a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u81ea\u6cbb\u6743\u3002\u8be5\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5728\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u5e87\u62a4\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e0b\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u5176\u4ed6\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u9886\u571f\u4e0a\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u81ea\u53e4\u4ee5\u6765\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4ece\u672a\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5883\u5185\u6210\u7acb\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u516c\u7136\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e861923\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u73b0\u884c\u7684\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212\u539f\u5219\u3002\u6839\u636e\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u8d3e\u4e07\u5e0c\u5c14\u53bf\u3001\u53e4\u5df4\u5fb7\u96f7\u53bf\u4ee5\u53ca\u8212\u6c99\u53bf\u88ab\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300a\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\uff0c\u8212\u6c99\u3001\u6c49\u80af\u8fea\u4ee5\u53ca\u8212\u6c99\u53bf\u7684115\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u3001\u8d3e\u4e07\u5e0c\u5c14\u53bf\u768452\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u3001\u52a0\u5229\u4e9a\u91d1\u53bf\u768430\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e4\u5df4\u5fb7\u96f7\u53bf\u7684\u52a0\u62c9\u5fb7\u96f7\u897f\u6751\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u2014\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u4f4e\u5730\u548c\u5c71\u5730\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u88ab\u8feb\u8ba9\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5c71\u5730\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5728\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u6210\u7acb\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u81ea\u6cbb\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u81ea\u53e4\u4ee5\u6765\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u7684\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u516c\u7136\u4fb5\u72af\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u8fd8\u6210\u4e3a\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7ee7\u7eed\u89ca\u89ce\u6211\u56fd\u9886\u571f\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4ece\u90a3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u6709\u4e86\u201c\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u201d\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5173\u4e8e\u6210\u7acb\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u7684\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3a\u6c49\u80af\u8fea\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u57281923\u5e749\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u533a\u57df\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e3a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u65af\u6377\u6f58\u00b7\u7ecd\u7c73\u6768\uff0c\u6c49\u80af\u8fea\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u65af\u6377\u6f58\u7eb3\u514b\u7279\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5b9e\u65bd\u5bf9\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u533a\u3001\u533a\u57df\u548c\u6751\u9547\u6539\u540d\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82cf\u8054\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u5c5e\u4e8e\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u793e\u7fa4\u62e5\u6709\u5305\u62ec\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u6743\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u518d\u4e09\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5e76\u672a\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u90e8\u957f\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c1947\u5e7412\u670823\u65e5\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u96c6\u4f53\u519c\u5e84\u7b49\u4eba\u53e3\u4ece\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8fc1\u81f3\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5e93\u62c9-\u963f\u62c9\u5179\u4f4e\u5730\u300b\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c1948-1953\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u5c06\u5305\u62ec\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u4ee5\u53ca\u5468\u8fb9\u5730\u533a\u7684\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u6545\u571f\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd115\u4e07\u6211\u56fd\u540c\u80de\u88ab\u8feb\u8fc1\u81f3\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4f4e\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5bf9\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u9886\u571f\u89ca\u89ce\u548c\u519b\u4e8b\u4fb5\u7565<\/strong><\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u534a\u671f\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u4ef0\u4ed7\u5176\u90bb\u56fd\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5e87\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5c40\u52bf\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u5927\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u201d\u7684\u6784\u60f3\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u89ca\u89ce\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u2014\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5916\u754c\u63d0\u8d77\u5bf9\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u7684\u9886\u571f\u89ca\u89ce\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u53d7\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u65b9\u7684\u9f13\u5439\u3001\u6559\u5506\u548c\u538b\u529b\u3002\u6bcb\u5eb8\u7f6e\u7591\uff0c\u9886\u571f\u89ca\u89ce\u7edd\u975e\u5076\u7136\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5f53\u5c40\u53ca\u5176\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u5e87\u62a4\u8005\u65e9\u6709\u9884\u8c0b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u5468\u5bc6\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u6743\u529b\u673a\u5173\u52a9\u7ea3\u4e3a\u8650\uff0c\u4f7f\u9488\u5bf9\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u5ba3\u4f20\u96c6\u56e2\u6ecb\u957f\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8206\u8bba\u3002\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u53ca\u5176\u9f13\u5439\u8005\u86ee\u6a2a\u5730\u5bf9\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u65ad\u7ae0\u53d6\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u82cf\u8054\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u626d\u66f2\u5ba3\u4f20\u3002<\/p>\n

1988\u5e74\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7206\u53d1\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u5904\u5fc3\u79ef\u8651\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u653f\u5ba2\u548c\u5176\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u5e87\u62a4\u8005\u8bd5\u56fe\u4f7f\u5f62\u52bf\u6781\u7aef\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u62c9\u62e2\u793e\u4f1a\u8206\u8bba\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u5c06\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u2014\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5e76\u5165\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4ee5\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u843d\u540e\u4e3a\u501f\u53e3\uff0c\u5728\u6c49\u80af\u8fea\u548c\u57c3\u91cc\u6e29\u7206\u53d1\u4e86\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u505c\u5de5\uff0c\u5e76\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u96c6\u4f1a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u653f\u5ba2\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u5e87\u62a4\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u2014\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u843d\u540e\u53ea\u662f\u501f\u53e3\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4f01\u56fe\u4fb5\u5360\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u9886\u571f\u3002<\/p>\n

1988\u5e74\u4e0b\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u5c40\u52bf\u6108\u52a0\u6076\u5316\uff0c\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u2014\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u52a8\u5bf9\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u6b66\u88c5\u4fb5\u7565\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c8\u6708\u5e95\u548c9\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u5bf9\u57fa\u4e9a\u5c14\u57fa\u8d3e\u6c57\u548c\u970d\u8d3e\u96f7\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8fdb\u653b\u30029\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5c06\u8fd11.5\u4e07\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u6c49\u80af\u8fea\u7684\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u5883\uff0c\u5e76\u70e7\u6bc1\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91ce\u86ee\u4fb5\u72af\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4e3b\u6743\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c1989\u5e7412\u67081\u65e5\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6700\u9ad8\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u5c06\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u2014\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u81ea\u6cbb\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5e76\u5165\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u3002\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u5168\u6743\u4ea4\u7531\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u76f8\u5173\u90e8\u59d4\u673a\u5173\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4e2d\u592e\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u548c\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u7684\u5e87\u62a4\uff0c\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u2014\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u7684\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\u4ece\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u8131\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u800c\u79fb\u4ea4\u5230\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5730\u533a\u515a\u59d4\u88ab\u5f52\u5165\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u3002\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u2014\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u5883\u5185\u5347\u8d77\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u56fd\u65d7\u3002\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4e2d\u592e\u9886\u5bfc\u6240\u72af\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u539f\u8c05\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4ee5\u53ca\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u4eb2\u4e9a\u653f\u7b56\u5bfc\u81f41990\u5e74\u672b\u81f31991\u5e74\u521d\u5f62\u52bf\u66f4\u52a0\u6076\u5316\uff0c\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u2014\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u548c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4e0e\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4ea4\u754c\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u906d\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e74\uff0c\u5df4\u5e93\u2014\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5ba2\u8fd0\u5217\u8f66\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b2c\u6bd4\u5229\u65af\u2014\u5df4\u5e93\u3001\u7b2c\u6bd4\u5229\u65af\u2014\u963f\u683c\u8fbe\u59c6\u3001\u963f\u683c\u8fbe\u59c6\u2014\u8212\u6c99\u3001\u963f\u683c\u8fbe\u59c6\u2014\u970d\u8d3e\u96f7\u7b49\u516c\u8def\u5927\u5df4\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6050\u6016\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u767e\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u6570\u5343\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u53d7\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u5f53\u5c40\u5e87\u62a4\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4fb5\u7565\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u727a\u7272\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5206\u88c2\u4efd\u5b50\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e4b\u521d\u5c31\u505c\u624b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5c40\u52bf\u6108\u52a0\u6076\u5316\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u548c\u6218\u8f66\u653b\u5165\u8131\u79bb\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u653f\u5e9c\u638c\u63a7\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u5dde\u5883\u5185\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9488\u5bf9\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u7684\u6d41\u8840\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u51b2\u7a81\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5e76\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6218\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea1991\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u5c40\u52bf\u8d8a\u6f14\u8d8a\u70c8\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u52bf\u5df2\u7ecf\u9884\u793a\u7740\u5927\u707e\u96be\u7684\u4e34\u8fd1\u30021991\u5e746\u6708-12\u6708\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u5bf9\u963f\u65af\u514b\u6717\u533a\u7684\u52a0\u62c9\u8fbe\u6208\u96f7\u6751\u548c\u6885\u820d\u5229\u6751\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f412\u4eba\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\u300115\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\u3002\u540c\u5e748\u6708\u4efd\u548c9\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u5bf9\u8212\u6c99\u2014\u8d3e\u7c73\u5229\u3001\u963f\u683c\u8fbe\u59c6\u2014\u970d\u8d3e\u6e29\u7279\u548c\u963f\u683c\u8fbe\u59c6\u2014\u52a0\u62c9\u8fbe\u6208\u96f7\u516c\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u5927\u5df4\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u626b\u5c04\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f417\u4e2a\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3001\u8fd190\u4e2a\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\u30021991\u5e7410\u6708\u5e95\u548c11\u6708\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5728\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u90e8\u5206\u768430\u591a\u4e2a\u5c45\u6c11\u70b9\u70e7\u6740\u62a2\u63a0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5177\u6709\u6218\u7565\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6751\u5e84\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u56fe\u6208\u3001\u4f0a\u739b\u5217\u7279-\u683c\u5c14\u3001\u5e0c\u5c14\u54c8\u6e29\u7279\u3001\u6885\u820d\u5229\u3001\u8d3e\u7c73\u5229\u3001\u4e4c\u7a46\u5fb7\u9c81\u3001\u52a0\u62c9\u8fbe\u6208\u96f7\u3001\u57fa\u4e9a\u5c14\u57fa\u8d3e\u6c57\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

1988\u5e74\u20141991\u5e74\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7206\u53d1\u5230\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5728\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u5e87\u62a4\u4e0b\u516c\u7136\u5b9e\u65bd\u4fb5\u7565\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5e73\u6c11\u60e8\u906d\u6740\u5bb3\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u5c45\u6c11\u70b9\u906d\u53d7\u70e7\u6740\u62a2\u63a0\u3002\u4fb5\u7565\u56fd\u4eba\u4e3a\u5730\u5411\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u533a\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u704c\u8f93\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u8131\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u5e76\u5165\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u4e3a\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u79cd\u65cf\u5927\u5c60\u6740\uff0c\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5730\u533a\u76845\u4e07\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e74\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5236\u9020\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u3001\u6b66\u88c5\u8fdb\u653b\u3001\u626b\u5c04\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u6848\u7684\u5206\u522b\u5c31\u67092559\u6b21\u3001315\u6b21\u548c1388\u6b21\uff0c\u5171\u9020\u6210514\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u30011318\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5728\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684185\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u79cd\u65cf\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c25\u4e07\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u88ab\u66b4\u529b\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u5bb6\u56ed\u3002\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u7684\u6e05\u6d17\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c216\u540d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u88ab\u6740\uff0c\u6570\u5343\u540d\u8001\u5f31\u5987\u5b7a\u53d7\u4f24\u81f4\u6b8b\uff0c\u6570\u4ee5\u4e07\u8ba1\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u88ab\u6d17\u52ab\u4e00\u7a7a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea1992\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u519b\u961f\u8695\u98df\u7740\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u7684\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5c45\u6c11\u70b9\u30022\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u5f3a\u5360\u4e86\u8212\u6c99\u7684\u739b\u96f7\u522b\u5229\u6751\u548c\u53e4\u4ec0\u4e18\u62c9\u5c14\u6751\u300213\u65e5\u523017\u65e5\uff0c\u5bf9\u970d\u8d3e\u6e29\u7279\u533a\u7684\u52a0\u62c9\u8fbe\u6208\u96f7\u6751\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6b66\u88c5\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c118\u4eba\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u513f\u7ae5\u3001\u5987\u5973\u548c\u8001\u4eba\uff09\u88ab\u4fd8\u300233\u4eba\u88ab\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u626b\u5c04\uff0c\u6b7b\u4f24\u8005\u88ab\u57cb\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5751\u5185\u3002\u88ab\u4fd8\u7684\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c68\u4eba\u88ab\u6b8b\u5fcd\u6740\u5bb3\uff0c50\u4eba\u8270\u96be\u9003\u8131\uff0c18\u4e2a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u56e0\u4f24\u79bb\u4e16\u3002\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u7528\u8bf8\u5982\u65a9\u9996\u3001\u6d3b\u57cb\u3001\u62d4\u7259\u3001\u4e0d\u7ed9\u6c34\u548c\u98df\u7269\u7b49\u6781\u7aef\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5f85\u88ab\u4fd8\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u9177\u5211\u6740\u5bb3\u662f\u6700\u706d\u7edd\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u3002\u5728\u52a0\u62c9\u8fbe\u6208\u96f7\u6751\u6740\u5bb3\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\u76844\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c42\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u4e3b\u8981\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u8fd1140\u540d\u513f\u7ae5\u6210\u4e3a\u5b64\u513f\u3002\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u5728\u8fd9\u5ea7\u6751\u5e84\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e\u7684\u5927\u5c60\u6740\uff0c\u6740\u5bb391\u4eba\uff0c\u5360\u8be5\u6751\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

1992\u5e742\u670825\u65e5\u591c\u95f4\u523026\u65e5\u51cc\u6668\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u6c49\u80af\u8fea\u7684\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u90e8\u961f\u7b2c366\u6469\u6258\u5316\u6b65\u5175\u56e2\u7684180\u4f4d\u519b\u4e8b\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u548c\u91cd\u578b\u673a\u68b0\u7684\u52a0\u6301\u4e0b\u8fdb\u653b\u4e86\u970d\u8d3e\u96f7\u5e02\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5937\u4e3a\u5e73\u5730\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u578b\u673a\u68b0\u5b8c\u5168\u6bc1\u706d\u4e86\u970d\u8d3e\u96f7\u5e02\uff0c\u5bf9\u57ce\u5e02\u5c45\u6c11\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u60e8\u7edd\u4eba\u5bf0\u5730\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5b98\u65b9\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u5bfc\u81f4613\u4eba\u9047\u96be\uff0c\u5305\u62ec63\u540d\u513f\u7ae5\u3001106\u540d\u5987\u5973\u548c70\u540d\u8001\u4eba\uff1b8\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\u5f7b\u5e95\u88ab\u6bc1\uff1b487\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\uff0c\u5305\u62ec76\u4e2a\u513f\u7ae5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u67091275\u4eba\u88ab\u4fd8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d150\u4eba\u4e0b\u843d\u4e0d\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u653b\u970d\u8d3e\u96f7\u7684\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u90e8\u961f\u7b2c366\u6469\u6258\u5316\u6b65\u5175\u56e2\u4e2d\u6709\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u65cf\u7684\u519b\u5b98\u548c\u51c6\u5c09\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a9\u76d6\u970d\u8d3e\u96f7\u5927\u5c60\u6740\uff0c1992\u5e743\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u7b2c366\u6469\u6258\u5316\u6b65\u5175\u56e2\u88ab\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u683c\u9c81\u5409\u4e9a\u74e6\u5b63\u5b89\u5c3c\u5e02\u30023\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u8be5\u5175\u56e2\u88ab\u64a4\u9500\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u5458\u5747\u88ab\u5206\u6d3e\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u961f\u3002<\/p>\n

1992\u5e745\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\u4e0b\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u3001\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4e0e\u4f0a\u6717\u4e09\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5728\u5fb7\u9ed1\u5170\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u4f1a\u6664\u3002\u5f53\u5929\uff0c\u8212\u6c99\u5e02\u88ab\u4fb5\u5360\u3002\u968f\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u65b9\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u963f\u4e9a\u8fb9\u5883\u6cbf\u7ebf\u505c\u706b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u89ca\u89ce\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5730\u533a\u3002\u6b64\u6b21\u4f1a\u6664\u88ab\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7528\u6765\u5411\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u9690\u7792\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u63d0\u524d\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u5c06\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fb5\u5360\u8212\u6c99\u4e0e\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5728\u5fb7\u9ed1\u5170\u8fdb\u884c\u8c08\u5224\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u65f6\u521a\u521a\u7b7e\u7f72\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u534f\u8bae\u8fd8\u672a\u751f\u6548\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u53c8\u5411\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u6563\u64ad\u5047\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u79f0\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u65b9\u4ece\u8212\u6c99\u548c\u6c49\u80af\u8fea\u5bf9\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8fdb\u884c\u626b\u5c04\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u4e00\u8d2f\u4f5c\u98ce\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u519b\u68b0\uff0c\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u4e3a289\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a24000\u7684\u8212\u6c99\u533a\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u6597\u4e2d\uff0c195\u540d\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u727a\u7272\uff0c165\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\uff0c58\u4eba\u4e0b\u843d\u4e0d\u660e\u3002\u8be5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u518d\u6b21\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdd\u53cd\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7ae0\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b27\u5b89\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u5c06\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u00b7\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5e76\u5165\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u3002\u4fb5\u7565\u8212\u6c99\u4e3a\u5360\u9886\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u571f\u8d77\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4fb5\u5360\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u97f3\u4e50\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u5fc3\u2014\u8212\u6c99\u5e02\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u622a\u65ad\u4e86\u8212\u6c99-\u62c9\u94a6\u516c\u8def\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u5bf9\u62c9\u94a6\u5e02\u8fdb\u884c\u731b\u70c8\u70ae\u51fb\u3002\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u9886\u571f\u5883\u5185\u5de9\u56fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9635\u5730\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5e76\u5165\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fb5\u5360\u8212\u6c99\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c5\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c8\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e24\u56fd\u4ea4\u754c\u7684\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u53e4\u8001\u57ce\u5e02\u2014\u62c9\u94a6\u5e02\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u4e3a1835\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a71000\u4eba\u7684\u62c9\u94a6\u5e02\u4e5f\u88ab\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u3002\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u5982\u65e0\u5916\u754c\u5f3a\u5927\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u533a\u7684\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u793e\u7fa4\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fb5\u7565\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u9886\u571f\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u529b\u91cf\u4ee5\u201c\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\u201d\u4e3a\u501f\u53e3\u4fb5\u5360\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u4e0e\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u8d70\u5eca\u3002\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4fb5\u5360\u62c9\u94a6\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6218\u4e89\u8303\u56f4\u5df2\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u7eb3\u6208\u5c14\u8bfa-\u5361\u62c9\u5df4\u8d6b\u5730\u533a\u7684\u754c\u9650\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u9884\u8c0b\u7740\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6761\u88ab\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u8d70\u5eca\u201d\u7684\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5411\u7eb3\u5361\u5730\u533a\u8fd0\u9001\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6b66\u5668\u3001\u5f39\u836f\u548c\u519b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5e87\u62a4\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6210\u7acb\u5355\u4e00\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4fb5\u5360\u4e86\u7eb3\u5361\u5730\u533a\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u62c9\u94a6\u533a\u3001\u514b\u5c14\u5df4\u8d3e\u5c14\u533a\u3001\u963f\u683c\u8fbe\u59c6\u533a\u3001\u83f2\u7956\u5229\u533a\u3001\u6770\u5e03\u62c9\u4f0a\u5c14\u533a\u3001\u53e4\u5df4\u5fb7\u96f7\u533a\u548c\u8d5e\u6208\u5170\u533a\uff0c\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u8fbe4.4\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u6709\u5730\u533a\u90fd\u906d\u53d7\u4e86\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u6e05\u6d17\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7eb3\u5361\u5730\u533a\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u793e\u7fa4\u4e89\u53d6\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\u201d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u4e07\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u6545\u571f\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u96be\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u9886\u571f\u768420%\u88ab\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u5360\u9886\u3002\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\u884c\u4e3a\u5bfc\u81f4900\u4e2a\u5c45\u6c11\u70b9\u300122\u5bb6\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4ee5\u53ca4\u5bb6\u753b\u5eca\u30019\u5ea7\u5386\u53f2\u5bab\u6bbf\u4ee5\u53ca\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u5386\u53f2\u610f\u4e49\u76844\u4e07\u4ef6\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5c55\u54c1\u300144\u5ea7\u5e99\u5b87\u548c9\u5ea7\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u88ab\u6bc1\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u8fd8\u6bc1\u574f\u4e86927\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u73cd\u85cf\u7684460\u4e07\u518c\u4e66\u7c4d\u548c\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5386\u53f2\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u624b\u7a3f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8fd8\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5728\u88ab\u5360\u9886\u7684\u9886\u571f\u4e0a\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86373\u8d77\u6050\u6016\u88ad\u51fb\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f41200\u4eba\u9047\u96be\u30011705\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fb5\u7565\u653f\u7b56\u4e00\u5411\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u3002\u4ece1988\u5e74\u52301993\u5e74\uff0c\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6b66\u88c5\u4fb5\u7565\u5bfc\u81f42\u4e07\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u4eba\u9047\u96be\uff0c10\u4e07\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\uff0c5\u4e07\u4eba\u53d7\u4f24\u81f4\u6b8b\u3002\u51b2\u7a81\u5bfc\u81f44853\u4eba\u4e0b\u843d\u4e0d\u660e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d1357\u4eba\u5df2\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff0c783\u4eba\u88ab\u4fd8\u3002\u5341\u5b57\u56fd\u9645\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u663e\u793a\uff0c439\u4eba\u5728\u72f1\u4e2d\u88ab\u6740\u3002<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5728\u970d\u8d3e\u96f7\u5e02\u5236\u9020\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u662f\u53cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u53cd\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6700\u60e8\u7edd\u4eba\u5bf0\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u970d\u8d3e\u96f7\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u54c8\u817e\u60e8\u6848\u3001\u5e7f\u5c9b\u548c\u957f\u5d0e\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7206\u70b8\u3001\u7f8e\u83b1\u6751\u5c60\u6740\u3001\u5362\u65fa\u8fbe\u5927\u5c60\u6740 \u3001\u65af\u96f7\u5e03\u96f7\u5c3c\u5bdf\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u4ee5\u53ca\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7b49\u5e76\u79f0\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u60e8\u6848\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u6218\u4e89\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u5e73\u6c11\u5927\u5c60\u6740\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u53cd\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

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