Russia’s war to invade the Caucasus in the early 19th century concluded with signing of Gulistan (1813) and Turkmenchay (1828) Treaties. Azerbaijani territories were divided into two parts.

Russian Empire acquired the northern Azerbaijan. Within a short time (1828-1830), Tsarist Russia resettled more than 130,000 Armenians from Gajar Iran and Ottoman Turkey and relocated them in the territories of northern Azerbaijan.

 

From the end of the 19th century, Armenian nationalists planned to seize Irevan, Nakhchivan, Zangazur and Karabakh regions – ancestral territories of Azerbaijan. The ethnic cleansing policy to strengthen Armenians in these regions of Azerbaijan became widespread. That plan was prepared by Tsarist Russia. Thus, it was resulted in the mass massacre of the Turk-Muslims by the armed Armenians in 1905-1906.

 

Meanwhile, as Europe’s “Armenian question” and Russia’s “Eastern issue” coincided, the Armenian state was established on the borders of Turkey and Iran (28 May 1918) thanks to Azerbaijani territories. This state was called the Republic of “Ararat” and covered 9,800 km² area of Azerbaijan, including Irevan city.

 

Dashnaks were in the lead of Russia’s expansion policy and regularly and in a planned manner, carried out policy of ethnic cleansing, deportation and genocide against Azerbaijanis living in their historical lands. Thus, even in 1918, when the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic was established as the first democratic state in the East, certain parts of the population with the Armenian origin living in the mountainous part of Karabakh refused to recognize the Azerbaijani government. In 1918, armed gangs led by Andranik attacked Karabakh and committed a genocide.

 

In order to seize Upper (Nagorno) Karabakh, Azerbaijan’s ancestral territory, Dashnaks put forward various groundless claims and continued their aggressive attacks on Azerbaijanis in the uyezds. The attacks against Azerbaijanis living in their ancestral homelands started from Irevan and Nakhchivan. These military attacks were accompanied by massacres of Azerbaijanis and acts of vandalism.

 

After the establishment of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic on 28 May 1918, the Armenian nationalists made use of complicated and contradictory situation in Azerbaijan’s internal and international affairs and tried to free the territories of Zangazur and Karabakh of Azerbaijan from the Azerbaijanis and to establish an entity belonging to Armenians. However, uncompromising position of ADR government did not offer them a chance to achieve their target. (15, p 428)

 

After the World War First, as Russia gave its weapons to Armenians, Armenian Dashnaks possessed large amounts of weapons and thus, this played a critical role in the realization of genocide against Azerbaijanis. In this manner, the Armenians, taking advantage of Russia’s auspices, benefitted from the policies carried out by some European countries and made territorial claims against Azerbaijan. They raised an issue pretending as if Upper (Nagorno) Karabakh region of Azerbaijan was the historical lands of Armenians. These groundless territorial claims by Armenians resulted in the genocide of Azerbaijanis in March 1918. Tens of thousands of innocent people – Turk-Muslims in different parts of Azerbaijan, including in Karabakh were brutally killed under the direction and guidance of Dashnak Stepan Shaumian. (16, p 520) It entered into the history of Azerbaijan as the 31 March Genocide. (26)

 

In the end of May 1918, the Dashnaksutyun party started to implement nationalist ideas in the region. A Georgian historian Karibi wrote in 1919: “The Dashnaks came, brought a national enmity and further worsened the Armenian Muslim contradiction”. (18)

 

The Dashnaks continued the genocide in Azerbaijan in March-April of 1918, destroyed and burned hundreds of villages of Azerbaijanis.

 

In the mid July 1918, Lalayan wrote about this work of the leadership of the Dashnaksutyun party: “The essence of anti-revolutionist dashnak government’s internal policy was to incite the national hatred among the country’s workers and to physically destroy the Azerbaijani population living in Armenia”. (25, c 79-107)

 

Researches show that the Armenian nationalists were in the lead of Russia’s expansion policy against Azerbaijan and regularly and in a planned manner, carried out a policy of ethnic cleansing, deportation and genocide against Azerbaijanis living in their historical lands. Admiral Bristol, Commander of the US forces in the Ottoman Empire, wrote in his papers: “I know from my officers, who served together with Dro, that firstly the defenceless villages were bombed and captured, then inhabitants who couldn’t flee were killed brutally, the villages were plundered, the cattle were stolen, and eventually, the villages were burned away. … All of these were realized systematically”. (6, s 315)

 

Armenians, who established a state titled “Ararat” thanks to Irevan lands belonging to Turk-Muslim nation with the great help of Russia, put forward groundless territorial claims against Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and this caused the military intervention in Nakhchivan, Zangazur and Karabakh territories of Azerbaijan. In order to expand their military aggression, the invaders organized separatist activities of Armenians living in Karabakh. The situation in Upper Karabakh region of Azerbaijan became more severe. For maintaining the territorial integrity of the state of Azerbaijan, on 13 January 1919, Karabakh Governorate General was established, covering Javanshir, Shusha, Jabrayil and Zangazur uyezds. As a result of efforts by General Governor of Karabakh Khosrov Pasha bey Sultanov, the Armenian separatism was prevented.

 

Andranik, who received an aid from the British Delegation (2 million Manats), followed a special instruction of the Republic of Ararat and destroyed 166 villages of Azerbaijanis in Zangazur. Although the Azerbaijani government tried to resolve this issue peacefully, two-faced policy of the Great Britain did not allow.

 

Armenians, who first wanted to establish independent Karabakh state, held secret assemblies and discussed the issue of annexation of Karabakh to Armenia. They even appointed a delegation to send to the Republic of Ararat for this purpose.

 

Khosrov Sultanov was aware of the fact that it was not the local Armenians who started a conflict in Upper Karabakh, but the Republic of Armenia and the Dashnaksutyun party. Therefore, he informed the head of the British mission, arrived in Shusha on 17 February 1919, that they wanted to separate and seize Karabakh and Zangazur from Azerbaijan.

 

In his letter to the Central Committee of Communist Party of the Soviet Union (to V. I. Lenin) dated 22 May 1919, A. Mikoyan wrote: “Dashnaks want to achieve the annexation of Karabakh to Armenia. However, for the population of Karabakh, this would mean to be deprived of Baku, which they consider their source of life, and to be subordinated to Iravan, which they have never had any connection with. At the fifth congress, the Armenian population of Karabakh decided to recognize soviet Azerbaijan and to join with it”. (2, p 104)

 

In the Nota (224) to the Armenian Ministry of Foreign Affairs dated 25 June 1919, Mahammad Takinski wrote: “Thanks to the resolute steps taken by General Governor of Karabakh, law and order in Shusha was restored, and life returned to normal condition”. (23, p 75)

 

On 28 August 1919, the delegation of Armenian population of Karabakh region arrived in Baku and expressed gratitude to Nasib Yusifbeyli on behalf of Armenian population for peaceful resolution of the issue of Upper Karabakh.

 

Finally, on 23 November 1919, through the mediation of US delegates, Azerbaijan and Armenia signed an agreement in Tiflis for the settlement of controversial affairs. However, Armenian nationalists again organized attacks in the early December 1919.

 

On 3 May 1920, the armed units of the 11th Army attacked Azerbaijan. The Russians, with the direct help of the Armenian gangs who nested in Karabakh, dismissed the General Governor of Karabakh Khosrov bey Sultanov from his position. Shusha, Khankendi and other cities and villages of Karabakh passed into the control of Russian troops and Armenian gangs. (3, p 43-44)

 

The resistance movement led by Sultan bey Sultanov, together with the Islamic Army of Caucasus led by Nuru Pasha, managed to liberate Shusha from the armed forces of the 11th Army in the beginning of June 1920. However, on 15 June, unified troop units, which were brought to Upper Karabakh to support the Armenian separatists, restored the Soviet government in Shusha. (11, p 80)

 

Despite the fact that the Azerbaijani side acted in accordance with the provisions of peace and withdrew the troops from Upper Karabakh, Armenia sent military forces and captured the territory. British journalist Scott Liddell, who had visited Shusha and Zangazur at the time, informed London: “Following the Agreement of 23 November, the Armenians took the advantage of withdrawal of Azerbaijan’s troops, treacherously attacked the Muslims in Karabakh and destroyed about 40 Muslim villages. An Armenian bureau operates in London. Similar organizations exist in France and the United States as well. Armenians’ favorite method for the mean ads is to use the word “Christian”. In the Transcaucasia, the truth is known. If the British community does not know, the British ministries must know the truth”. (12, p 227)

 

Historical facts show that the local peoples underwent challenging and burdensome days since the Armenians’ resettlement to the Caucasus from different parts of the world. Very regretfully, the forces, who created Armenia by seizing territories belonging to Azerbaijan part-by-part and time to time, were not satisfied with this. The idea of “Great Armenia” by the Armenian ideologists laid the foundations for new deportations and genocide of Azerbaijanis.

 

Making use of Sovietization of the South Caucasus for their dishonest purposes, the Armenian nationalists declared Zangazur and several other territories of Azerbaijan as the territory of Armenian SSR in the end of 1920.

 

Armenians’ unfounded territorial claims against Azerbaijan went on after the soviet government was formed in Azerbaijan.

 

Bolshevik Russia, which was established in place of Tsarism, continued its expansion policy against Azerbaijanis. 850 Armenian families were resettled from Armenia to Azerbaijan during 1920-1921. 765 out of which were relocated in Upper Karabakh. Necessary conditions were created for their settlement and living. (4, p 190)

 

Under the favorable condition created by the establishment of the Soviet Empire, Armenians raised an administrative territorial issue and formed an entity like NKAO, having no historical or socio-economic foundation (7 July 1923). This was a continuation of the Armenianization policy of Bolshevik Russia, founded by Tsarist Russia. This entity was formed by granting administrative territory status to the mountainous part of Karabakh region, consisted of lowland and mountainous parts in nature, and autonomy status to Armenians, and by violating the rights of Azerbaijanis, living in Upper (Nagorno) Karabakh, without asking their opinions. (17, p 90-92)

 

Despite the fact that the Azerbaijani government had implemented broad reforms in the region in order to provide political, social, economic and cultural development of the Nagorno Karabakh Autonomous Oblast, the Armenian separatists and extremists did not avoid from their hateful policies. Periodic territorial claims of Armenians during the Soviet regime resulted in the deportation of 150 thousand Azerbaijani families of 24 districts and Irevan from their ancestral homelands – Western Azerbaijan (present-day Armenia) in 1948-1953. Alone in 1962-1973, 26 thousand Armenians were resettled from foreign countries to Armenia. (24, p 417-418) Thus, the tradition of mechanical increasing of the number of Armenians in the so-called “Armenia” territories, through the resettlement from abroad, had been continued. The main purpose was not to prepare a place for stranger Armenians, but to deport Azerbaijanis from there. This process was continued under different objectives during the leadership of Soviet Empire. In parallel, Armenians were expelling Azerbaijanis from the territories of so-called “Armenia” and trying to realize groundless claims over Nagorno-Karabakh. (1, p 280)

 

In total, more than 90 thousand Armenians were resettled from abroad in place of deported Azerbaijanis and they played active role in the separatist activities of Armenia in the region. Armenia put forward groundless territorial claims against Azerbaijan periodically in 1956, 1960, 1965-1967 and 1977-1978.

 

The Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh, with the help of their backers in Iran and abroad and of the empire leaders, restarted the separatist movement in the middle of 1986. “Miatsum” (unification) movement was formed by the Armenian population of Nagorno Karabakh Autonomous Oblast in order to be united with Armenia.

 

This has further intensified from the beginning of 1988. Armenian nationalists again raised the issue of annexation of Nagorno Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of Azerbaijan to Armenia. In 1988-1993, for the purposes of ethnic cleansing, the Armenian government deported 250 thousand Azerbaijanis from Western Azerbaijan, their ancestral homeland.

 

On 19 February 1988, rallies were held with anti-Turkish slogans such as “In Armenia should live Armenians”, “Armenia should be freed of Turks” in Irevan, Armenia, where secret groupings were formed at the state level.

 

On 12 January 1989, the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet gravely violated the rights of Azerbaijan under settling down the situation in Nagorno-Karabakh and approved a resolution “On special form of government in NKAO of Azerbaijan SSR”. By separating Nagorno-Karabakh from Azerbaijan, as if it was a neutral territory, it established provisional “Special Executive Committee”, under the leadership of A. Volski and accountable directly to Moscow. (8, p. 78) It should be recalled that in early 19th century, at a time of Russia’s military operations with Iran and Ottoman Empire, entity called “provisional bureacu” of Irevan was established under the leadership of General Krasovski in 1827 for the purposes of strengthening Armenians’ position in the region. The Armenian Archbishop Nerses was granted unlimited powers in this entity. The Azerbaijanis were completely dismissed from governance, and on the contrary, Armenians were passed under the full protection of Russia. (10, p 377)

 

On 28 November 1989, the Special Executive Committee was abolished. The USSR leadership abolished the Special Executive Committee to prevent the growing threat to the empire, resulting from the increased demands of the Azerbaijani democratic forces, and to calm down the population. However, this could not bear a positive change. In place of the abolished committee, the Organizational Committee of Azerbaijan SSR on Nagorno-Karabakh was established under the chairmanship of the II Secretary of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan V. Polyanchiko, accountable to the Special Commission of USSR Supreme Soviet. As an outcome of this anti-Azerbaijan policy, on 1 December 1989, the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR adopted a decision “On uniting Armenian SSR and Nagorno-Karabakh”. Armenian flag was raised in Khankendi. Majority of offices and institutions of the Oblast were subordinated to Armenia. This separatist action by Armenia against Azerbaijan further worsened the confrontation.

 

By adopting a decision on the annexation of NagornoKarabakh to Armenia on 1 December 1989, on the 69th anniversary of the transfer of Zangazur to Armenians (01.12.1920), the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR indeed violated the USSR Constitution, as well as the norms and principles of international law and officially declared its territorial claim against Azerbaijan. (20, p 608)

 

In 1991, Armenia launched open military operations against Azerbaijan. On 2 September 1991, the Armenian separatists declared the establishment and independence of puppet “Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh”, an illegal entity in Upper (Nagorno) Karabakh.

 

In autumn 1991, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia signed a Treaty “On friendship, cooperation and mutual security”.

 

It should be noted that from the very beginning of Armenian aggression against Azerbaijan until November 1991, there have been 2559 clashes between Azerbaijanis and Armenians, 318 armed attacks, 1388 cases of shooting by Armenians, and as a result, 1318 people were wounded. 1134 houses and 119 other properties belonging to Azerbaijanis were destroyed. Armenia, being in a position of terrorism and separatism at the state level, was trying to make the idea of annexation of Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenia be accepted through every possible means. Thus, this led to the escalation of conflict.

 

In 1992, the Armenian armed forces launched large-scale military operations in Upper Karabakh. From October 1991 to January 1992, the Armenian military forces occupied Jamilli, Mesheli villages, Karkicahan settlement, Imarat Gavand village of Agdere district, Akhullu and Salakatin villages of Khojavend district in the territory of Nagorno-Karabakh. Despite the resistance of volunteer fighters of Mesheli village, the Armenians razed the village to the ground, killed 27 peaceful citizen and heavily injured over 15 persons. The list of people killed included an under-age child, a pupil, and 75 years old elderly. Corpses of 11 were burned.

 

On 21 January 1992, the Armenian military seized and burned Qaybali village. On 12 February, they occupied Gushchu and Malibeyli villages after five months blockade. At that time, 28 Azerbaijanis were killed and 39 were heavily wounded. On 17 February, the Armenian military occupied Garadagli village of Khojavend district, located in the area of strategic importance. In Garadagli village, invaders killed 92 defenders, 54 peaceful inhabitants, took 117 persons hostages and killed 77 out of them, and burned 6 inhabitants alive.

 

Over the night 25-26 February 1992, the Armenian military forces, with the help of the 366th Motorized Regiment of the Russian Armed Forces deployed in Khankendi (Stepanakert), committed Khojaly genocide. During the genocide, more than 613 inhabitants were killed, 106 being women, 63 children, and 70 elderly. 8 families were completely annihilated; Only one member of each 27 families survived; 56 people were killed by torture; 25 children lost both parents; 130 children lost one parent; 230 families lost head of family; 487 people were disabled. 76 out of them were under maturity age; 1275 people were taken hostages; 1165 hostages were released; and 150 still missing.

 

The survived population of Khojaly, occupied by the Republic of Armenia in 1992, temporarily resided in 48 districts of Azerbaijan.

 

In his interview to the British journalist Thomas De Waal after the Khojaly genocide, Armenia’s incumbent president S. Sargsyan said: “Before Khojaly, the Azerbaijanis thought that they were joking with us, they thought that the Armenians were people who could not raise their hand against the civilian population. We needed to put a stop to all that. And that’s what happened”. (5, p 38)

 

In 1992-1993, the Armenian military forces occupied 20% of the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan, namely Nagorno-Karabakh and seven other districts of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Lachin, Kalbajar, Agdam, Fuzuli, Jabrayil, Qubadli and Zangilan). These territories are still under the occupation of the Republic of Armenia. The people of Azerbaijan waits for the resolution of the Armenia-Azerbaijan Nagorno-Karabakh conflict within the international law and within the principle of territorial integrity of our republic. As a consequence of this conflict, 30 thousand Azerbaijanis died and more than 1 million people became refugees and internally displaced persons.

 

As a result of the invasive war, the Republic of Armenia violated the 360-kilometer borderline with the Republic of Azerbaijan and took the control over the 198-kilometer Azerbaijan-Iran border from Horadiz settlement of Fuzuli district to Zangilan district. As a result of Armenian occupation, nearly 50 thousand Azerbaijanis living in two districts, one settlement, and 53 villages of NagornoKarabakh were expelled from their homelands. (21, s 79)

 

During 1991-1994 Nagorno-Karabakh war, which broke up following the Armenia’s military aggression, more than 25 thousand Azerbaijanis died, 100 thousand were wounded and 50 thousand were injured with various degrees and disabled. In this hostile war, 4,852 people (including 54 children, 323 women, 410 elderly) went missing, 1,368 hostages out of them (including 169 children, 338 women, 286 elderly) were released, and 783 people (including 18 children, 46 women, 69 elderly) are still hostages in Armenia. (7)

 

Researches show that more than 6,000 Azerbaijani citizens went missing and were taken hostages during the conflict. According to the statistical data provided by the State Commission on Prisoners of War, Hostages and Missing Persons (to 1 January 2016), it has been confirmed that 4,013 Azerbaijani citizens went missing. 1,434 Azerbaijani citizens who were taken hostages by Armenians were released. Those hostages include 169 children, 338 women and 246 elderly. The fact that at least 877 people (including 27 children, 99 women, and 133 elderly) out of 4,013 missing citizens were taken hostages by Armenians is kept hidden from international organizations, as well as the International Committee of the Red Cross. 554 citizens of the Republic of Azerbaijan who were taken hostages were killed by Armenians or died for various reasons.

 

As a result of Armenia’s aggression, the Republic of Azerbaijan suffered considerable amount of material damage. Followings that belong to the Republic of Azerbaijan were captured, plundered, burnt, destroyed and razed to the ground by the Armenia’s military forces: 900 towns, villages and settlements, 130,939 residential houses, 7,000 public buildings, 1,025 schools, 855 kindergartens, 798 healthcare centers, 927 libraries, 44 temples, 9 mosques, 9 historical places, 464 historical monuments and museums, 40,000 museum showpieces, 2,389 industrial and agricultural venues, 5,168 km automobile roads, 348 bridges, 7,568 km water pipelines, 2,000 km gas pipelines, 76,940 km electricity power lines, 156,000 ha arable lands, 280,000 ha forest area, 1,000,000 ha fertile lands, 1,200 km irrigation system. (14, s 9)

 

The use of threat methods in collaboration with the international Armenian diaspora organizations is the main phase of Armenia’s modern political activities. These activities mainly envisage the use of terror. Researches show that majority of Armenian diaspora organizations comprises the content of international terrorism. (22, p. 205-213)

 

“Armenakan” (founded in Marseille in 1885), “Hunchakian” (founded in Geneva in 1887), and “Dashnaksutyun” (founded in Tbilisi in 1890) parties have been operating for more than hundred years. In order to realize the claims of creating “Great Armenia”, one of the main activities of Armenian diaspora organizations, every effort, even terrorism is applied. Broader use of terror for carrying out this policy is envisaged in their statutes and action plans.

 

The Armenian diaspora organizations, in particular, the “Dashnaksutyun” party established a number of Armenian terrorist groups in 20th century. These terrorist groups committed numerous terror attacks in 1970-1980s of the past century.

 

The anti-Azerbaijan policy, carried out with the financial and organizational support of the Armenian diaspora, operating in different countries of the world, and the Armenian state, became the number one issue for Armenian terrorist organizations. Since the second half of 1980s, terrorist organizations intensified their attacks. Armenian special service agencies played a distinguished role in the occupation of Nagorno-Karabakh region and seven surrounding districts of Azerbaijan. In order to cause mass panic among the Azerbaijanis and achieve numerous casualties, they even organized acts of terror in the cities and regions of Azerbaijan far from the military operations area and consequently, thousands of innocent people died. As a rule, all these actions were organized and defended by Armenia.

 

• On 19 January 1990, an armed attack to the Sadarak village of Sharur district of Nakhchivan AR by Yerakh village of Ararat region of Armenia.
• On 13 February 1990, a bus moving along the route “Shusha-Baku” was exploded at the 105th km of YevlakhLachin highway.
• On 11 July 1990, a caravan between Getavan and Chiragker villages of Agdere district was attacked.
• On 11 July 1990, a group of Armenian terrorists in Agdere district attacked a caravan moving to Kalbajar. On 10 August 1990, a passenger bus moving along the route “Tbilisi-Agdam” and on 15 September 1990, NKAO radio and television center in Khojavend district were exploded.
• On 9 January 1991, at the 5th km of Lachin-Shusha road, Armenian terrorists killed Salatin Askerova, correspondent of “Молодежь Азербайджана” newspaper.
• On 12 January 1991, at the 103rd km of Yevlakh-Lachin road, an armed attack to the automobile of military unit Nr. 5471. Colonel V. Grigoryev, fellow of Main Department of Internal Troops of the USSR MIA, was killed.
• On 14 March 1991, a bus moving along Agdam-Shusha route was shot by Armenian terrorists with firearms near Khramort village in Askeran district.
• On 30 May 1991, “Moscow – Baku” train was exploded near the Khasavyurt station of Dagestan.
• On 31 July 1991, “Moscow – Baku” passenger train was exploded near Dagestan-Temirtau station. As a result, 16 died and 22 wounded.
• On 20 November 1991, MI-8 helicopter was shot down by Armenian terrorists near Garakend village of Khojavend district.
• On 28 January 1992, a passenger helicopter flying along Agdam-Shusha route was shot down near Shusha, killing 41 passengers, mostly women and children, as well as 3 crew members.
• On 28 February 1993, Kislovodsk – Baku passenger train was exploded near Gudermes station of Dagestan.
• On 2 June 1993, a passenger waggon was exploded on the reserve roads of Baku Railway Station, causing considerable damage to the state.
• On 1 February 1994, Kislovodsk – Baku passenger train was exploded at Baku train station. As a result, 3 died and 20 wounded. On 9 February 1994, a waggon was exploded at Khudat station.
• On 18 March 1994, the Armenian terrorists shot down “Hercules” airplane belonging to Iran Military Air Forces in Khankendi, killing 34 people, including diplomats and their family members.
• On 19 March 1994, a train was exploded at the “20 January” underground station in Baku. As a result, 14 people died and 49 wounded.
• On 13 April 1994, Moscow-Baku passenger train was exploded at Dagestanskiye Ogni station in the Republic of Dagestan, killing 6 people and wounding 3 people.
• On 3 July 1994, a train was exploded between “28 May” and “Ganjlik” underground stations, killing 14 and wounding 54 people.

 

As an outcome of the transfer of millions of funds to terrorist groupings and nationalist extremists in NagornoKarabakh in support of Armenian terrorism, numerous terrorist acts were committed.

 

One of the deplorable facts is that the information about financial resources supporting Armenia, the nest of separatism, extremism and terrorism, is kept hidden. The reason is that those funds and financial resources belong to power states. These states just want to conceal their involvement in such dirty activities.

 

Currently, Armenia carries out an extremist and separatist policy not only against Azerbaijan, but also against other states in the region. As it is the case in Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan, Armenians continue the analogic activities in Javakheti province of Georgia.

 

It is difficult to say that what will be the conclusion of territorial claims put forward by Armenia and Armenian communities against Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Turkey and of the separatism which has an interest in making this against the regions of Ukraine (in Lvov and Crimea) and Russia (Rostov-on-Don). It is impossible to guarantee that any state will not face this separatism, extremism and terrorism.

 

Thus, the separatist, extremist and terrorist actions of Armenians, who were resettled to the South Caucasus in the 19th century, and of Armenia, which is regulated by some reactionist forces and organizations of various power states, caused great catastrophes against the people of Azerbaijan. When the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, the first independent state in the East, was established in 1918, the extremist gangs of newly-founded Armenian state attacked to Azerbaijan and committed genocide. By putting forward groundless territorial claims against Azerbaijan, the Armenians achieved the establishment of Nagorno Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (in 1923). Periodic groundless territorial claims of Armenians during the USSR resulted in the deportation of 150 thousand Azerbaijanis from their ancestral homeland – Western Azerbaijan (present-day Armenia) in 1948-1953. From the second half of 1980s, the process further intensified. In early 1988, Armenian nationalists again raised the groundless territorial claims – the unification of NagornoKarabakh Autonomous Oblast of Azerbaijan with Armenia. On 1 December 1989, the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR adopted a resolution “On the unification of the Armenian SSR and the Nagorno-Karabakh”. In order to carry out ethnic cleansing policy, the Armenian government deported 250 thousand Azerbaijanis from Western Azerbaijan, their ancestral homeland, in 1988-1993. Armenian flag was raised in the Khankendi district of Azerbaijan. Most of the offices and institutions of the district were subordinated to Armenia. Insistence of Armenia, showing the position of separatism, extremism and terrorism at the state level, to make the idea of subordination of Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenia be adopted by all means further escalated the conflict. Armenia’s military forces occupied the territories of Nagorno-Karabakh and 7 other regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan. These territories are still under the occupation of the Republic of Armenia. The Armenian people caused the death of more than 25 thousand Azerbaijanis and the expulsion of over 1 million people as refugees and internally displaced persons. They organized the acts of terror in the cities and regions of Azerbaijan and consequently, thousands of innocent people died. In order for these cases not to happen again, we would like to draw attention to the fact that it is extremely necessary to take resolute measures at the international level. At present, Armenia carries out a large-scale extremist and separatist policy not only against Azerbaijan, but also against other states in the region. As it is the case in Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan, Armenians continue the analogic activities in Javakheti province of Georgia. All of these increase Armenia’s interest in terrorism and separatism. The reason is that their main talent, which form their living is their hostile traits and very complex characteristics.

 

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26.Azərbaycanlıların soyqırımı haqqında Azərbaycan Respublıkası prezidentinin Fərmanı (1998) https:// az.wikisource.org/wiki

 

Gasim Hajiyev

ANAS Institute of Caucasus Studies

Head of “Armenian Studies” Department

Doctor of Historical Sciences

 

 “EXPOSURE OF ARMENIA’S OCCUPATION POLICY (COMPILATION OF ARTICLES)”. BAKU – 2019, p.200-220